Genetic characteristics of the human species that protects the body from certain pathogens
chemical barriers
microbial flora
species resistance
mechanical barriers
An immunoglobulin, or antibody molecule, consists of
two heavy and two light polypeptide chains
four heavy and two light polypeptide chains
two heavy and four light polypeptide chains
four heavy and four light polypeptide chains
All of the following represent examples of nonspecific immune defenses except
phagocytosis
cell-mediated immunity
mechanical and chemical barriers
The most abundant circulating antibody, the one that normally makes up about 75% of all the antibodies in the blood, is
IgG
IgA
IgE
IgM
A large antibody with 10 binding sites
IgD
Which of the following can activate a naive B cell
Binding to its specific antibody
Binding to its specific antigen
All B cells are activated when an infant is born
All of the above
Which of the following is not a characteristic of inflammation?
Heat
Redness
Swelling
Pain
All of the above are characteristics of inflammation.
15% of the lymphocytes are made of these nonspecific killer cells:
helper T cells
cytotoxic T cells
B cells
NK cells
The amount of antibodies in a person’s blood is expressed as:
toxoid
titer
both toxoid and titer
none of the above
The type of immune mechanism that provides a general defense by acting against anything recognized as “not self” is called
nonspecific immunity
specific immunity
adaptive immunity
acquired immunity
The MHC antigen is important in helping the immune system identify .
The complement system can be activated by
the binding of complement protein 1 to the complement-binding site on the antibody molecule.
the binding of complement protein 3 to bacteria or viruses in the presence of properdin.
nonspecific immune mechanisms
all of the above
In the first stage of their development, B cells are known by following term: plasma B cells.
Complement system is not a chemical barrier
This substance can destroy pathogens by lowering the pH to a level where they cannot function:
Memory B cells form plasma B cells upon rexposure to same antigen.
The antibody commonly found in tears, saliva and on mucous membranes is .
Pyrogens play an important role in raising the thermostat and triggering fever.
Specific immunity is controlled by two classes of lymphocytes called and .
The most numerous type of phagocyte is the .
John was immunized against most of the childhood diseases. What type of immunity results:
artificially acquired active immunity
passive immunity
general immunity
This is not considered an example of immunity
Also known as killer lymphocytes
cytotoxic T cell
Prostaglandins
Platelets
NK cells and cytotoxic T cell
