What Gives Skin Its Color...

Craig Miller's Study

Reflectance

What in the Physical Environment is Most Closely Correlated with Skin Color?

Correlations: Skin color with Average UVR

Reflecatnace Correlation vs. Melanin Correlation

Melanin

UVR

How does UVR Profoundly Affect Biological Systems?

Folate and Human Development

Birth Defects due to Folate Deficiency

Genes Influencing Variation in Skin Pigmenation (Part 1)

Vitamin D and UVR

Developmental Defects to due Vitamin D Deficiency

Genes Influencing Variation in Skin Pigmenation (Part 2)

Parallel (Convergent) Evolution for Skin Color

Pigment in Neanderthals

Northern Regions and Vitamin D

The Evolutionary Advantages of Dark Skin

The Evolutionary Advantages of Light Skin

SUMMARY