How is atrial fibrillation characterised?

Define acute AF

Define paroxysmal AF

Define persistant AF

Define permenant AF

What are the most common causes of AF?

How might AF present?

Differential diagnoses for AF

Investigations for suspected AF

When is routine referral indicated?

Rate control therapy is first line, except in people:

What do you offer as rate control therapy?

Rhythm control: cardioversion
a) when is electrical offered?
b) what therapy is started and maintained after?

Drug treatment for long-term rhythm control
a) what is normally 1st line?
b) What drug for people with left ventricular impairment or heart failure

When is dronedarone rhythm control therapy recommended?

When is left atrial ablation offered?

When would you consider pacing and atrioventricular node ablation?

How is risk of stroke assessed?

What score is classed as low risk?

When is anticoagulation therapy offered?

What is used to assess bleeding risk in people who are starting or have started anticoagulation?

What drugs may be used as anticoagulation therapy?

What drug must specifically not be offered as monotherapy solely as stroke prevention in people with AF?

Complications of AF

What measures can be taken to help prevent AF?