The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology

A-DNA

B-DNA

Z-DNA

The Human Genome

DNA Replication Issues

DNA Replication

Junk DNA

Gene Transcription

Gene Regulation

Steroid Hormone Receptors: A Gene Regulator

mRNA Processing

tRNA

Genetic Mutation

Types of Genetic Mutation

Silent Mutation

Missense Mutation

Nonsense Mutation

Frame-shift Mutation

Chromosomal Mutations

Polymorphism

Genetic Marker

Microsatellites

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP)

Homozygous

Heterozygous

Megabases (mB)

CentiMorgan (cM)

Autosomal Dominant Inheritance

Autosomal Recessive Inheritance

X-Linked Recessive Inheritance

X-Linked Dominant Inheritance

Y‐linked inheritance

What is Gene Therapy?

Why Gene Therapy?

Gene delivery - Requirements

Haemophilia - Types

Due to individual variation...

Percentage of the patient population for
which a particular drug in a class is ineffective.

Imprecision Medicine

Percentage of patients whose tumors were driven by certain genetic mutations that could be targets for specific drugs.

Requirements for stratified medicine to become the standard in disease management