P1.1 - Everything in the Specification

GASES LIQUIDS SOLIDS( GASES, LIQUIDS, SOLIDS ) - There are almost no forces of attraction intermolecular forces weak covalent bonds ionic bonds( forces of attraction, intermolecular forces, weak covalent bonds, ionic bonds ) between gas liquid solid( gas, liquid, solid ) particles, so they move randomly in waves in straight lines quickly( randomly, in waves, in straight lines, quickly ) in all directions at high speeds low speeds long distances short distances a fast rate( high speeds, low speeds, long distances, short distances, a fast rate ) and there is lots of space time kinetic energy( space, time, kinetic energy ) between the particles.

SOLIDS LIQUIDS GASES( SOLIDS, LIQUIDS, GASES ) - There are strong forces of attraction strong intermolecular forces strong covalent bonds strong ionic bonds strong electrostatic charges( strong forces of attraction, strong intermolecular forces, strong covalent bonds, strong ionic bonds, strong electrostatic charges ) between solid liquid gas( solid, liquid, gas ) particles, so they are unable to move around easily at all( around, easily, at all ) and pass interact with vibrate on( pass, interact with, vibrate on ) each other, and there is no space lots of space a layered arrangement vibration( no space, lots of space, a layered arrangement, vibration ) between the particles. The particles are held in fixed positions in a regular arrangement regular lattice structure layered structure giant ionic lattice giant covalent structure( regular arrangement, regular lattice structure, layered structure, giant ionic lattice, giant covalent structure ).

LIQUIDS SOLIDS GASES( LIQUIDS, SOLIDS, GASES ) - There are weak forces of attraction weak covalent bonds weak ionic bonds weak electrostatic charges no forces of attraction weak intermolecular forces( weak forces of attraction, weak covalent bonds, weak ionic bonds, weak electrostatic charges, no forces of attraction, weak intermolecular forces ) between liquid gas solid( liquid, gas, solid ) particles, so the particles are free to not able to somewhat free to( free to, not able to, somewhat free to ) move around at random in a certain direction and vibrate within a confined area( at random, in a certain direction, and vibrate, within a confined area ) but with lower higher the same( lower, higher, the same ) speeds than in the gas liquid solid( gas, liquid, solid ), and the particles are relatively very not very( relatively, very, not very ) close together.

THE PROCESS OF CONDUCTION IN SOLIDS:

1. Some particles ions atoms electrons( particles, ions, atoms, electrons ) gain thermal heat kinetic sound movement( thermal, heat, kinetic, sound, movement ) energy.
2. They vibrate begin to vibrate collide( vibrate, begin to vibrate, collide ) more strongly, as they have more kinetic thermal movement sound heat( kinetic, thermal, movement, sound, heat ) energy.
3. They collide vibrate begin to vibrate are attracted( collide, vibrate, begin to vibrate, are attracted ) with other, cooler particles, transferring kinetic thermal heat sound movement( kinetic, thermal, heat, sound, movement ) energy.
4. So thermal kinetic heat sound movement( thermal, kinetic, heat, sound, movement ) energy is transferred from a hotter colder( hotter, colder ) to a colder hotter( colder, hotter ) region.

THE PROCESSES OF CONDUCTION IN METALS:

1. Delocalised electrons Charged particles Ions Free electrons Fluid particles( Delocalised electrons, Charged particles, Ions, Free electrons, Fluid particles ) are free to move in metals.
2. Some electrons particles ions atoms( electrons, particles, ions, atoms ) gain thermal kinetic heat sound movement( thermal, kinetic, heat, sound, movement ) energy.
2. They move more rapidly vibrate more often vibrate more rapidly form stable ions( move more rapidly, vibrate more often, vibrate more rapidly, form stable ions ), as they have more kinetic thermal heat sound movement( kinetic, thermal, heat, sound, movement ) energy.
3. They collide vibrate begin to vibrate( collide, vibrate, begin to vibrate ) with other, cooler electrons, transferring kinetic thermal sound movement heat( kinetic, thermal, sound, movement, heat ) energy.
4. So thermal kinetic sound heat movement( thermal, kinetic, sound, heat, movement ) energy is transferred from a hotter colder( hotter, colder ) to a colder hotter( colder, hotter ) region.