15) “The physical, chemical, and biological laws that operate today have also operated in the geologic past” is a statement of the doctrine of ________________________________.
Uniformatarianism
Universal health
Paleontology
Catastrophism
16) The doctrine of __________________ implies that Earth’s landscape has been developed by worldwide disasters over a short time span.
Destruction
Universal time
17) The doctrine of _______________ was put forth by James Hutton in his monumental work Theory of the Earth.
Atoms with the same atomic number but different atomic mass number are called_________.
protons
isotopes
ions
neutrons
A(n) ______________ in the rock record represents a long period during which deposition ceased, erosion removed previously formed rocks, and then deposition resumed.
numeric dating
superposition
relative dating
unconformity
Earth is about _________________ years old.
4,000
4.5 million
4.5 billion
5.4 million
Which eon of the geologic time scale means “visible life”?
Proterozoic
Phanerozoic
Archean
Hadean
“Most layers of sediments are deposited in a horizontal position” is a statement of the principle of ______.
Original horizontality
Superposition
Cross-cutting
inclusion
23) A (n) __________ consists of tilted rocks that are overlain by younger, more flat-lying strata.
disconformity
fault
nonconformity
angular unconformity
A date that pinpoints the time in history when something took place is known as a (n) _______date.
relative
exact
known
numerical
