Sadie, a 17-year-old F/S DSH, is in the final stages of chronic renal failure. On presentation, you find her urine specific gravity to be:
1.002
1.012
1.030
1.060
Which lab finding is often associated with canine hypothyroidism?
Hypercholesterolemia
Ketoacidosis
Leukocytosis
Hyperglycemia
Ketoacidosis is often seen as a cause of death in which endocrine disorder?
Diabetes mellitus
Hypoadrenocorticism
Hyperadrenocorticism
Diabetes insipidus
Geriatric pets have a decreased metabolic rate which reduces their caloric needs by:
10 to 25%
30 to 40%
50 to 60%
80%
Appetite can be stimulated by all of the following, except :
Certain medications
Warming the food
Sense of smell
Refrigerating the food
A tumour that arises from cartilage, is malignant, and spreads through the bloodstream is called?
Mesothelioma
Carcinoma
Sarcoma
Insulinoma
Paraneoplastic syndrome is:
Tumors arising in nearby tissues as a result of metatasis
Malaise from chemotherapeutic drugs
Caused by hormones synthesized by the tumour
A new European Techno Band
What is probably occurring when you find many cells with brown or black granules in a lymph node aspirate?
Malignant mast cell tumor
Pyknosis
Lymphosarcoma
Metastasis from a melanoma
In which benign tumor of young dogs do the cytologic findings resemble lymphosarcoma?
Mast cell tumor
Histiocytoma
Hemangioma
Lymphoma
Facilitation of the placement of a jugular catheter in an obese animal may be achieved by:
Placing the animal in dorsal recumbency
Placing the animal in lateral recumbency
Placing the animal in sternal recumbency
Placing the animal in a sitting position
Intramuscular injections in dogs are less painful if they are in what volume range?
10 to 20 ml
10 to 15 ml
2 to 4 ml
40 to 60 ml
Which parameter evaluates filtration and function and has increased levels in renal insufficiency
Creatinine
Glucose
LDH
Urea
All of the following statements are true regarding collection of a urine sample via catheterization, except:
This procedure is technically difficult in female dogs
This method may introduce bacteria into the urinary tract
This procedure may cause gross or microscopic hematuria
This is often better tolerated than cystocentesis
A part of physical therapy of the respiratory tract is to
Pinch the trachea to stimulate coughing
Apply hot compresses to the neck area
Not turn a recumbent patient often
Place hands over the patient's nose to slow rapid respiration
When doing physical therapy, which routine has the greatest capacity to reduce pain and muscle spasm?
Wet heat
Dry heat
Cold applied every 20 minutes
Cold applied every 10 minutes
Which of the following best describes a high frequency ultrasound unit transducer?
Decreases resolution and decreases penetration
Increases resolution and increases penetration
Decreases resolution and increases penetration
Increases resolution and decreases penetration
The distance between the x-ray tube and the screen is the:
Anode to film distance
Featured distance
Focal-film distance
Film depth
A bladder stone is hyperechoic. What type of image does this project on the ultrasound monitor?
Bright white image
Black image
Nondetectable
Gray image
Which of the following controls the contrast on the radiograph?
mAs
kV
SID
RAD
The mAs setting on an x-ray machine controls the:
Quality of the beam
Quantity of the beam
Speed of electrons emitted
Wavelength of the beam
The order of the joints of a horse’s front leg from chest down to hoof are:
Elbow, fetlock, carpus, pastern
Carpus, Elbow, fetlock, pastern
Elbow, pastern, carpus, fetlock
Elbow, carpus, fetlock, pastern
The term dorsomedial-plantarolateral oblique means the x-ray beam is directed at the:
Dorsal limb aspect and the film is against the medial side of the limb
Dorsal limb aspect and the film is against the lateral side of the limb
Plantar limb aspect and the film is against the medial side of the limb
Plantar limb aspect and the film is against the lateral side of the limb
When naming a radiographic view, which of the following best describes a DMPaLO of the carpus?
The beam enters the dorsal/medial surface of the carpus and exists the palmar/lateral surface
The beam enters the palmar/lateral surface and exits the dorsal/medial surface
This is the dorsal/ventral view of the carpus
This is the lateral/medial view of the carpus
A skyline view is used to radiograph which part of a horse’s anatomy?
Carpus
Guttural Pouch
Elbow
Shoulder
Imaging technique that uses x-rays and computers to produce images that show anatomy in cross section is:
Scintigraphy
CT
MRI
Fluoroscopy
Ultrasound term that means few echoes are detected and the area is a low-level gray compared with the surrounding tissue is:
Anechoic
Hyperechoic
Echoic
Hypoechoic
Hypersalivation (also known as “anting”) is seen in which animal?
Ardwolf
Kinkajou
Hedgehogs
Mice
The pigeon’s crop is part of which structure?
Esophagus
Cecum
Spleen
Pancreas
Which Species is not Nocturnal?
Hamster
Gerbil
Hedgehog
Sugar Glider
Birds are attracted to:
Pelleted foods
Human foods
Brightly coloured foods
Foods high in salt
An owner is concerned because she has noticed that the recently lactating rabbit doe seems to be abandoning her babies. When she looks in the nest, the young jump like popcorn. You suggest that she:
Provide more heat for the young
Start to feed them solid food
Cross foster the young to another doe
Not worry, as does normally nurse once a day
Characteristic that distinguishes lagomorphs (rabbits) from rodents is:
Five toes on front and rear feet
Large cecum
Double pair of upper incisors
Lengthly small intestine
Which problem is commonly associated with overfeeding pelleted feed to rabbits?
Ketosis
Urinary calculi
Trichobezoars
Malocclusion
Vitamin C supplements must be added to prevent scurvy in what species?
Ferret
Rabbit
Guinea Pig
Which Statement about housing rabbits is accurate?
Rabbits are to be housed in a warm and humid environment
Two female rabbits housed together will fight
Two male rabbits housed together will fight
Solid walled cages are best with a wire mesh flooring
Ringtail in rats is most commonly caused by which condition?
Steptococcus
Low humidity
Mycoplasma
Wet environment
Calcium must be carefully regulated for what species?
The scientific name of the rabbit ear mite is:
Aspicularis
Otodectes
Psoroptes
Eimeria
Which statement is not true about rabbit cecal pellets?
Also known as "day droppings"
Are eaten by the rabbit
Are soft, are dark in colour, have a strong door, and are coated in mucus
Are formed in the cecum and are rich in vitamins and nutrients
Rabbits should be fed an unlimited amount of:
Alfalfa hay
Alfalfa pellets
Grass hay
Fresh fruits and vegetables
The vitamin C levels in guinea pig food decline after how many months of storage?
3 months
6 months
9 months
12 months
Which species is not a social animal and should be housed alone?
Chinchilla
When doing your daily examinations, you note that your rabbit has a glossy hair coat and no lumps; is defecating in one spot; and is passing liquid, creamy coloured urine. You should:
Report this ill health to the veterinarian
Note these abnormal signs on the chart
Note on the chart that all is normal
Isolate the rabbit immediately
Ferrets are susceptible to all diseases, except:
Human Influenza
Rabies
Heartworm
Feline Distemper
Monitoring reflexes of the rabbit for anesthesia would include all of the following, except:
Tail pinch
Ear pinch
Palpebral
Watching the third eyelid and pupil for response
The species that normally has cream-coloured urine is:
Rat
Mouse