Qualitative Research Final Exam

The goal of Chapter 2 is to

Systems of logical statements that explain the relationship between two or more variables are

A nurse observes other nurses coming to work inebriated, and wonders what might be causing employees of this profession to be coming to work under the influence. The nurse searches online for terms including “drunk nurses” and “alcohol abuse among healthcare workers” to gain knowledge. She seeks to confirm her idea that stress leads nurses to drink by sifting through previous studies. What research model is this an example of?

A sampling technique that is not widely generalizable, but can provide rich descriptions of a target population, is

When creating a concept map, the connections between concepts are represented by ______.

Milo wants to survey college freshmen about their alcohol use. He stands outside of a fraternity house and surveys people entering the house. This situation is an example of

When locating sources for a literature review, the researcher should be wary of which source?

The research model that Lune/Berg advocate is the ________ approach.

A pitfall of Internet based research is ________.

Social scientists have an ethical obligation to the population they study because _______.

Researchers may be led to breach the code of ethics when ________.

The doctrine that established principles for ethical research, especially that subjects must voluntarily consent to participate, is the _______.

The mandate that limited access to official records identifying an individual and prohibited release of personal information to anyone else without the written consent of the individual is the ___________.

A researcher wishes to study behavior in a kindergarten classroom. The researcher sends home permission slips to parents informing them of the study being conducted, with a statement asking parents to return a form refusing their child's participation in the study. The research includes all students in the research for whom parents did not return the refusal form. This is an example of _____.

When a researcher secretly studies research subjects without informing them of the research it is called ______.

Which is NOT a reason that plagiarism occurs?

Which is NOT a purpose of section headings in a paper?

Which heading level is used to designate a major section of the text, and signal to the reader that the text is about to shift gears or introduce a new topic?

Which heading level is written flush to the left, has the first letter of each word capitalized, and categorizes or explains information relevant to a major topical area?

Which section of a research paper orients the reader to the study and the paper, and acquaints the reader with the basic research question or problem in clear and concise statement sentences?

Which section of a research paper provides a comprehensive overview of previous works on the general and specific topics considered in the study?

Which section of a research paper provides a comprehensive overview of previous works on the general and specific topics considered in the study?

Which section of a research paper presents what the data say, and offers interpretations of the meaning of and an analysis of the data?

Which part of a methodology section explains the way information was collected (e.g., interviews, focus groups, etc.), and how it was collected so another researcher can potentially replicate the method?

Which writing pitfall obscures whom the subject and recipient of the action is in the sentence?

What is another name for an interviewee, or the person being asked the questions in an interview?

Which of the options below is not a typical interview structure?

When an interviewer is fairly certain about the information he/she will uncover with the questions, a(n) _______ structure is useful.

When a researcher plans certain topics, but leaves the flow of the conversation open to follow the responses of the interviewee, he/she is using a(n) ______________ structure.

When a researcher assumes that the interview should have standard questions adapted to mirror the subjects' vocabularies and perspectives, and seeks to accommodate the varying interpretation of questions in the interview, this is a(n) _______ structure.

A question that asks a person to respond simultaneously to two issues in a single question, creating a false dichotomy creating the idea that the response must be one of the other, not both, is a(n) _____.

A facilitator who works to draw out feelings and ideas of the member of the focus group is called a(n) _______.

When several members of the group jump on board for a particular idea or series of comments about a given idea, attitude, or belief as a result of subgroup pressure, this is called __________.

Focus group data that reflect the collective notions shared and negotiated by a group are ______________.

Points of agreement within the group refers to ____________.

The first person to write an article on the use of focus groups, or focused interview was

Which technique is most effective at revealing deep level biographical experiences of a person's group?

What is the data collection instrument of a focus group called?

Field research on the cultural dimensions of organizations is called ____________.

A field research study conducted by nurses is called _________________.

A practice placing researchers in the midst of whatever it is they study where they can examine various phenomena as perceived by participants and represent these observations as accounts is called _____________.

The understanding of a social environment from an outsider position is called __________. This is the perspective created in the researcher's analysis, products of interpretations of meaning, theoretical and analytic explanations, and understandings of symbols as mediated through the researcher.

A research endeavor that focuses on particular incisions at particular points in the larger setting, group, or institution that are thought to represent salient elements in the lives of participants and in turn, in the life of the larger group or institution is called ___________.

Which is NOT a characteristic common to action research?

The action research phase in which the researcher creates a plan to improve the lives of the participants is called ___________.

The phase of action research in which the researcher assists the people in the research population with examining their situation and recognizing their problems is ____________.

The phase of action research in which the researcher examines the data in relation to potential resolutions to the questions or problems identified during the first stage of the research process is called _________________.

In action research, the researcher seeks to produce change, which requires meetings with participants at all phases of the research process. One technique an investigator can use to keep stakeholders informed is spontaneous meetings that form in response to particular circumstances or issues. These are called ___________.

During analysis of collected data, which question(s) will the researcher ask to focus in on specific actors, events, and activities that relate to the problems or issues at hand?

A type of action research in which the researcher is apart from the group studied, identifies a problem after learning information from some practitioner involved with the population, and provides information to the practitioner to test a theoretical framework for intervention. The practitioner then communicates with the group studied. This is called the _________.

The phase of photo research in which the researcher discusses the reasons why the participant took the photo, what the image means, and what the images are supposed to depict. This is the phase in which the photographer provides his or her voice to the researcher. This is called _______.

What aspect of research do unobtrusive measures circumvent?

Officers reading local newspapers from across the state, looking for articles about fraudulent bank checks, car thefts, certain con-games, and other patterns of criminal behaviors to create charts of cities and crimes is an example of _____________.

Any type of written, drawn, or recorded (video or audio) materials produced for general or mass consumption is called _______. Examples include newspapers, books, magazines, television program transcripts, videotapes, comics, maps, and blogs.

Records originally produced for a special limited audience that eventually find their way into public domain, and convey important and useful information are called________. Examples of this type of record include official court transcripts, police reports, census information, financial records, crime statistics, school records, and similar documents.

A type of record that is most familiar to novice researchers. It includes the span of life of an individual from his or her earliest recall to the time of writing the work, and includes descriptions of life experiences, personal insights, and anecdotal reminiscences. This is called ________.

A type of record in which researchers serve as editors and commentators to eliminate any repetition
in descriptions, and shorten lengthy discourses. Researchers highlight selected segments and delete
other segments. This type of record is called ________.

An underutilized type of private archival material used in research is the ___________.

The private archival material that can be criticized for removing evidence of the text's author through writing and other practices, but contains information on the social contours of a given time, ideological orientations of a group, or self-reflections about one's activities is the ___________.

The private archival material that is geared for a dual audience, and must involve a consideration of the social roles and personal relationships of both the writer and the reader, is the___________.

The physical items left behind humans are called traces. The category of traces that are indicators that build up or accumulate over time are measures of __________.

Which term is synonymous with the word past, and refers conceptually to facts and events of long ago?

Which term attempts to systematically recapture the complex nuances, the people, meanings, events, and ideas of the past that have shaped the present?

Which kind of source is an oral or written testimony of an event created by a person who was not immediately present at the event?

Which kind of source is an oral or written testimony of an event created by a person who was not immediately present at the event?

When researchers are using primary source materials, they first must determine if the document or artifact is authentic and valid. What is this process called?

Propaganda that is intentionally biased to create hate toward one group would be filtered out as a genuine, but invalid source during which process?

Which type of source is a book of facts and knowledge trivia an example of?

Which type of source is a girl's description in her diary of her birthday party?

Which kind of source is a journal article, or textbook?

Which type of source is a drawing of a disaster site created by an artist watching the event?

A technique that allows the researcher to gain access to the day-to-day accounts of real people without a filter from the "official" perspective and without limits to the class in power is called __________.

A Web site run by a nonprofit company that seeks to identify and archive billions of Web pages to help researchers seek historical information on a variety of topics and areas is called ____.

When do case studies take place?

A case study requires a deep and full examination of the case through ___________.

The process by which people understand the stimuli with which they are confronted, how they frame what they see and hear, and how they interpret their own actions and go about solving problems is called _________.

Which researcher quality can be tested by a researcher's openness to findings that contradict the original research hypothesis?

Which researcher quality indicates that the researcher is willing to ask questions before, during, and after data collection to determine the true reasons the event is happening?

Which researcher quality allows the researcher to record data while interpreting and reacting to the data collected?

Which type of personal document can provide insight into the writer's deepest thoughts such as why a battle is fought, or why serial killers kill through reflecting the inner world of the writer communicated to another?

Which type of personal document requires analysis to determine why it is recorded, and then can provide a window into personal life and relationships?

Which type of case study involves extensive research of several instrumental cases intended to allow better understanding, insight, or improved ability to theorize about a broader context?

A researcher undertakes a case study because something important has happened, and he/she wants to understand the particular problem because it is unique and interesting. The researcher is not trying to develop new grounded theory or to test abstract theory. Which type of case study is this example of?

Which research design may be seen as a prelude to a large social scientific study, which may or may not involve case studies?

Which research design uses pattern-matching techniques to examine a plurality of influences in a case study with the goal of analyzing the many factors that build a causal explanation for the case?

Which type of case study is a set of multiple case studies of the same entity using a multi-design approach to provide a holistic view of the dynamics of the research subject?

Which type of case study investigates one research entity at multiple points in time?

What is a careful, detailed, systematic examination and interpretation of a particular body of material in an effort to identify patterns, themes, biases, and meanings?

Which involves a researcher working with subjects within the established research setting to accomplish a change or action?

Which content analysis technique involves coding categories derived from the raw data itself, in order to generate theories, or theoretically connected explanations the document under analysis?

Which content analysis technique involves beginning with existing words and phrases from the raw data, and then extending the exploration to understand latent meanings and themes apparent in the data?

Which is the term for elements that describe the physically present and countable elements of data content?

Manifest content is comparable to the ________ present in the message.

Which piece of communication should be analyzed in terms of explicit themes, relative emphasis on various topics, and the amount of space or time devoted to certain topics?

Which term describes the categories revealed during coding of the text that look beyond the conscious perspective of the speaker to pull in a broader understanding of the social scientific knowledge base?

Which unit of analysis counts the number of times a specific person is mentioned in the data?

Which unit of analysis measures clusters of words around a certain idea, that is typically a variable in the research hypothesis?

Which term describes labels used by members of certain areas to distinguish among things, persons, and events using jargonized terms that may reflect out-group versus in-group classifications?

12. Which type of coding is designed to inquire widely to include many coding categories carefully and minutely to ensure theoretical grounding later on during the research analysis?

Which type of coding is the second type according to Morse and Richards, and involves gathering material by topic group?