Bio 1240

Pregunta 1 de 156

1

_____ are alternative forms of a gene that govern the same feature, such as eye color

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

alleles
loci
genes
coupled traits

Explicación

Pregunta 2 de 156

1

pea plants were ell chosen for use in Mendel's breeding experiment for all of the following reasons except

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

peas show easily observed variations in a number of characteristics which as pea shape and flower color
it is possible to completely control matings between different pea plants
it is possible to obtain large number of progeny from any given cross
peas have an unusually long generation time (life span)
many of the observable characteristics that vary in pea plants are controlled by single genes

Explicación

Pregunta 3 de 156

1

the separation of alleles of a gene takes place during

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

anaphase of mitosis
cytokinesis of mitosis
anaphase I of meiosis
telophase II of meiosis
cytokinesis of meiosis

Explicación

Pregunta 4 de 156

1

which of the following represents the possible genotype(s) resulting from a cross between an individual homozygous (ZZ) and one heterozygous (Zz) individual?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

ZZ and Zz
ZZ, Zz, and zz
ZZ only
Zz only
zz only

Explicación

Pregunta 5 de 156

1

Mating an individual expressing a dominant phenotype, but whose genotype is unknown, with an individual expressing the corresponding recessive phenotype is an example of

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

a heterozygous cross
an F1 cross
an F2 cross
a parental cross
a test cross

Explicación

Pregunta 6 de 156

1

in humans, assume that the allele for brown eyes is dominant and the allele for blue eyes is recessive. If two brown-eyed individuals have a child with blue eyes, that means

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

both parents are homozygous for brown eyes
both parents are heterozygous for eye color
multiple alleles are involved
none of these

Explicación

Pregunta 7 de 156

1

mendel crossed true-breeding plants having yellow peas with plants having green peas. the resulting plants all had yellow peas. An F2 cross resulted in 3/4 of the plants having yellow peas and 1/4 of the plants having green peas. What does this tell you about the alleles for color?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

yellow is usually the dominant color, but sometimes green can be dominant
green is the dominant color
yellow is the dominant color
yellow is the recessive color
the F1 plants must have had some green peas that went unnoticed

Explicación

Pregunta 8 de 156

1

An organism with the genotype of AaXx can produce gametes containing ____ if the two genes are unlinked

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

either Aa or Xx
either AX, Ax, aX, ax
AaXx
AX or ax
A,a,X,x

Explicación

Pregunta 9 de 156

1

why is color blindness more common in males than in females?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

because females would have to receive one copy of the recessive color blindness gene to actually express the trait
because a male only needs to receive one recessive allele from his mother to be color-blind
because color blindness is an Y-linked trait
females are hemizygous

Explicación

Pregunta 10 de 156

1

what are the possible phenotypes of the children of the children is the mother has Type O blood and the father has AB blood?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

all AB
A,B
A, AB
A, B, AB
A, B, O

Explicación

Pregunta 11 de 156

1

The information carried by DNA is incorporated in a code verified by the

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

phosphodiester bonds of the DNA strand
number of separate strands of DNA
size of a particular chromosome
specific nucleotide sequence of the DNA molecule
number is bases in a DNA strand

Explicación

Pregunta 12 de 156

1

Which of the following nucleotide sequences represents the complement to the DNA strand 5' - AGATCCG - 3' ?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

5' - AGATCCG - 3'
3' - AGATCCG - 5'
5' - CTCGAAT - 3'
3' - CTCGAAT - 5'
3' - TCTAGGC - 5'

Explicación

Pregunta 13 de 156

1

Transcription of RNA takes place in the

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

mitochondria
cytoplasm
ribosomes
nucleus
endoplasmic reticulum

Explicación

Pregunta 14 de 156

1

which of the following adds new nucleotides to a growing RNA chain?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

DNA polymerase
DNA helicase
RNA primer
RNA polymerase
more than one of these

Explicación

Pregunta 15 de 156

1

the form of RNA the carries the code from DNA to the site where the protein is assembled his called

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

messenger RNA
nuclear RNA
ribosomal RNA
transfer RNA
structural RNA

Explicación

Pregunta 16 de 156

1

uracil can pair with

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

ribose
adenine
cytosine
thymine
guanine

Explicación

Pregunta 17 de 156

1

the portions of an RNA molecule that are translated are called

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

introns
exons
regulatory proteins
anticodons
transcriptions

Explicación

Pregunta 18 de 156

1

sickle-cell anemia is caused by what type of mutation

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

frameshift
missense
nonsense
silent
viral

Explicación

Pregunta 19 de 156

1

The inner surface of epithelial tissue rests on a

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

layer os adipose tissue
basement membrane / extracellular matrix
mix of cells and polysaccharides
mix of cells and proteins

Explicación

Pregunta 20 de 156

1

the principal difference between simple and stratified epithelium is in the number of

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

cell layers
total cells
nuclei per cell
free surfaces
microvilli

Explicación

Pregunta 21 de 156

1

what type of tissue is blood?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

epithelial
muscular
connective
adipose
noncellular fluid

Explicación

Pregunta 22 de 156

1

impulses are received by nerve cells through

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

an axon
any process that is long enough to reach the receptor
numerous dendrites
the intervention of the neuroglia
chondrocytes

Explicación

Pregunta 23 de 156

1

an _____ is a combination of two or more kinds of tissue that together perform one or more functions

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

organ
cell
organ system
connective tissue
neuroglial cell

Explicación

Pregunta 24 de 156

1

at rest, a nerve cell has a

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

negative membrane potential
difference of -70mV comparing the inside to the outside
resting potential
all of these are correct

Explicación

Pregunta 25 de 156

1

for sodium to accumulate rapidly inside a neuron cell membrane,

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

a stimulus above the threshold open sodium gates
the wave of depolarization must occur to reestablish a resting potential
there must be a dramatic increases in the negative charge of the cytoplasm
the potassium gates must open first

Explicación

Pregunta 26 de 156

1

which of the following would not be considered part of the peripheral nervous system?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

the eyes
the spinal cord
afferent neurons
the ears
efferent neurons

Explicación

Pregunta 27 de 156

1

afferent neurons

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

transmit information to the central nervous system
provide support for the neurons
transmit information from the central nervous system to effectors
are part of the central nervous system
connect motor and sensory neurons

Explicación

Pregunta 28 de 156

1

what happens immediately following the closing of the sodium gates during an action potential?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

sodium ions enter the cell
sodium ions leave the cell
potassium ions enter the cell
potassium ions leave the cell
calcium ions leave the cell

Explicación

Pregunta 29 de 156

1

the membrane-bound enzyme system that helps to maintain the resting membrane potential is which of the following pumps

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

sodium-phosphorus
sodium-potassium
sodium-chlorine
phosphorus-calcium
phosphorus-chlorine

Explicación

Pregunta 30 de 156

1

which form of RNA carries the code from the lac operon to the site where the protein is assembled?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

messenger RNA
nuclear RNA
ribosomal RNA
transfer RNA
structural RNA

Explicación

Pregunta 31 de 156

1

genes may be

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

turned on and off (regulated)
activated for only a short time in one cell and a long time in another cell
turned on and left on (constitutive)
two of these are correct
all of these are correct

Explicación

Pregunta 32 de 156

1

co-repressors in a repressible system bind to the and make the operon _

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

operator, inactive
repressor, inactive
operator, active
repressor, active

Explicación

Pregunta 33 de 156

1

RNA polymerase must have access to the DNA helix and be able to bind to the ___ in order for a gene to be transcribed

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

activator
regulator
promotor
operator
repressor

Explicación

Pregunta 34 de 156

1

the lac genes of E. coli are transcribe in the presence of lactose because

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

RNA polymerase binds to the operator
the repressor cannot bind to the promoter
as isomer of lactose binds to the repressor
none of these is correct

Explicación

Pregunta 35 de 156

1

which of the following applies to an inducible system?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

a repressor protein, which is bound to DNA in absence of any other factor
a repressor protein, which is bound to DNA in the presence of a corepressor
an activator protein, which is bound to DNA in absence of any other factor
an activator protein, which is bound to DNA in the absence of an inhibitor

Explicación

Pregunta 36 de 156

1

which of the following lists the correct sequence of events involved in cell signaling in paracrine signaling between two cells?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

amplifying, signal transducing, receiving, responding
signal transducing, sending, receiving, terminating
sending, signal transducing, receiving, amplifying
receiving, sending, signal transducing, responding
sending, receiving, signal transducing, responding

Explicación

Pregunta 37 de 156

1

a receptor on the cell surface usually has several domains. The functions of the external domain is

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

transmitting the signal to the inside of the cell
holding the receptor within the membrane
attaching the receptor to the DNA
function as an enzyme
binding the signaling molecule/ligand

Explicación

Pregunta 38 de 156

1

a protein kinase directly catalyzes the reaction in which

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

a protein becomes glycosylated
a protein is phosphorylated (gains a phosphate group)
genes are transcribed
all of those

Explicación

Pregunta 39 de 156

1

what does the term dominant mean?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

it is the allele that is expressed in heterozygous organisms
it is the allele (and phenotype) that is more beneficial to the organism
it is the only type of allele that can be transmitted to future generations
it is the phenotype that will be exhibited in every individual, in every generation

Explicación

Pregunta 40 de 156

1

the physical appearance an organism exhibites for a particular trait is called the

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

genotype
synapsis
genetics
dominance
phenotype

Explicación

Pregunta 41 de 156

1

the physical position of a gene along a chromosome is its

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

trait
locus
allele
chromatid
none of the above

Explicación

Pregunta 42 de 156

1

which genetic inheritance principle(s) was/were proven by gregor mendel using a cross that examined a single trait of Pisum sativum

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

dominance
independent assortment
two of these
segregation
all of these

Explicación

Pregunta 43 de 156

1

a heterozygous male hamster is crossed with a female hamster that is homozygous recessive. If they produce 100 offspring, which answer below is the most reasonable number of heterozygotes produced?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

100
51
24
0
none of these is a realistic possibility

Explicación

Pregunta 44 de 156

1

mendel found that tall plants and yellow peas are dominant in the Pisum satvium plant. What is the expected phenotype for a pea plant with the genotype Ttyy?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

tall with yellow peas
short with yellow peas
heterozygous
Ty
tall with green peas

Explicación

Pregunta 45 de 156

1

how many alleles are present for a single gene in a typical gamete?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

depends on the organism
more than two
two
one
none

Explicación

Pregunta 46 de 156

1

in a typical mendellian monohybrid F1 x F1 cross, what percentage of offspring should have a homozygous recessive genotype?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

50
25
75
100
0

Explicación

Pregunta 47 de 156

1

a lizard with a striped tail and solid head is crossed with one having a solid tail and spotted head. All of their offspring have solid tails and solid heads. Which of the following could be a parental genotype?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

TtHh
Tthh
ttHH
TTHH
tthh

Explicación

Pregunta 48 de 156

1

a genetic cross is conducted. The phenotypic ratio is 9:3:3:1. What conclusion can be drawn?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

there are four separate genes involved
this is a test cross
this cross supports the idea of independent assortment, as described by mendel
this genotypic ratio is 3:1

Explicación

Pregunta 49 de 156

1

the following cross was set up

AAbb x aaBB

What percentage of offspring will exhibit a dominant phenotype for gene A?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

100%
25%
50%
monohybrid

Explicación

Pregunta 50 de 156

1

molly has a crop of red raspberries, produced from 10 generations of red raspberries. For all 10 generations, the raspberry bushes have been thornless. Daniel has a crop of black raspberries, produced from 10 generations of black raspberries. For all 10 generations, the raspberry bushes have had thorns. Suppose Molle and Daniel cross their plants and all offspring are Red Thorny. Which gametes will those red thorny offspring produce?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Rt, Rt, rT, rt
Rt, rT
RT, Rt
RrTt

Explicación

Pregunta 51 de 156

1

yen has a crop of red roses, produced from 10 generations of red raspberries. For all 10 generations, the rose bushes have been thornless. Usman has a crop of black roses, produced from 10 generations of black roses. For all 10 generations, the raspberry bushes have had thorns. If yen and usman cross their plants, what phenotype would be exhibited by the offspring?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

RRTT
black thornless
thorny thornless
red thornless
cannot determine

Explicación

Pregunta 52 de 156

1

in string beans, green is dominant to yellow, and long beans are dominant to short. A plant that has long yellow beans is crossed with a plant that has short green beans. All of the offspring are identical to each other. Predict the parental genotypes

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

GgLl x GgLl
GgLl x ggll
GGLL x ggll
GGll x ggLL

Explicación

Pregunta 53 de 156

1

two heterozygous hamsters are crossed. what percentage of their offspring will likely be homozygous dominant?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

33%
50%
25%
0%

Explicación

Pregunta 54 de 156

1

an individual who has trisomy 21 (Downs syndrome) has ___ total chromosomes per cell

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

47
21
26
24

Explicación

Pregunta 55 de 156

1

a human gamete is found to possess 24 chromosomes. which of the following statements is correct?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

the gamete is normal
nondisjunction occurred during zygote formation
nondisjunction occurred during meiosis
none of these is correct

Explicación

Pregunta 56 de 156

1

in a certain small mammal, spotted tongue is caused by an X-linked recessive gene. In one litter, there are 2 females with spotted tongues, 1 male with spotted tongue, and 1 male without spotted tongue. What is the phenotype of the father?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

cannot determine
dominant
recessive

Explicación

Pregunta 57 de 156

1

in a certain iris flower variety, gene "Q" controls seed color, and it controls susceptibility to a disease. this gene exhibits

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

additive dominance
variegation
pleiotropy
codominance
incomplete dominance

Explicación

Pregunta 58 de 156

1

which trait in humans is known to exhibit multiple alleles?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

sickle cell disease
color blindness
hemophilia
blood typing antigens

Explicación

Pregunta 59 de 156

1

an individual is homozygous recessive for colorblindness (XcXc). which of the following conclusions can be drawn?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

the individual's mother is colorblind
the individual is a male
the indidual's father is not colorblind
none of these can be correct

Explicación

Pregunta 60 de 156

1

a child has blood type O. His mother has blood type A. It is not possible for his father to have blood type:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

AB
O
A
B
more than one choice is correct

Explicación

Pregunta 61 de 156

1

Zachary has hemophilia, and X-linked condition. His fiancee, Taylor, does not hace the condition nor does she carry an allele for it. Which statement concerning their potential offspring is correct?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

100% of their daughters will carry the hemophilia allele
50% of their daughters will have hemophilia
none of their sons will have hemophilia
100% of their children will have hemophilia
more than one of these is correct

Explicación

Pregunta 62 de 156

1

the central dogma of genetics outlines the transfer of geneti information as follows:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

translation > transcription > replication
translation > replication > transcription
transcription > translation > replication
replication > transcription > translation

Explicación

Pregunta 63 de 156

1

which of the following statements about DNA is false

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose
DNA does not contain uracil
DNA is found in eukaryotic cells, but not in prokaryotic cells
DNA is usually double-stranded rather than single-stranded
all of these statements is false

Explicación

Pregunta 64 de 156

1

in ____, the total number if purines is equal to the total number of pyrimidines

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

single-stranded DNA
single-stranded RNA
double-stranded DNA
more than one of these

Explicación

Pregunta 65 de 156

1

a double stranded SNA molecule is analyzed. on strand 1, there is a adenosine at the 3' terminus. based on this information, which of the following statements is correct?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

on strand 2, there is a uracil at the 5' terminus
on strand 2, there is a adenosine at the 5' terminus
on strand 2, there is a thymidine at the 5' terminus
on strand 2, there is a thymidine at the 3' terminus

Explicación

Pregunta 66 de 156

1

the enzyme ___ catalyzes phosphodiester bonds in a growing deoxynucleotide strand

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

more than one of these
RNA polymerase
DNA polymerase
DNA helicase

Explicación

Pregunta 67 de 156

1

Place the following events of DNA replication in the proper sequence

(A) the hydrogen bonds holding two strands together break, allowing the strands to separate
(B) phosphodiester bonds form between the nucleotide substrates
(C) free-floating nucleotide substrates align with complimentary nucleotides on the template
(D) the coils in the helix unwind
(E) hydrogen bonds form between template strands and newly synthesized strands

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

DACBE
ECBAD
DCBAE
DACEB

Explicación

Pregunta 68 de 156

1

a nucleotide monomer, when incorporated into a growing polynucleotide strand, is ___

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

added to the 5' end of the DNA or RNA molecule
added to the 3' end of the DNA or the 5' RNA molecule
added to the 3' end of the DNA or RNA molecule
none of these is correct

Explicación

Pregunta 69 de 156

1

which of the following is not directly needed for transcription to occur

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

nucleotide monomers
DNA polymerase enzymes
a promoter
DNA
all of these are required

Explicación

Pregunta 70 de 156

1

complementary and anti-parallel describes with of the following?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

DNA template:RNA during transcription
ssDNA
dsDNA
two of these
all of these

Explicación

Pregunta 71 de 156

1

sequences of nucleotides that ARE translated include

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

exons
codons
anticodons
two previous choices are correct
three previous choices are correct

Explicación

Pregunta 72 de 156

1

there are only 20,000 genes in human beings. Which of the following is not a way that the usefulness of a limited number of genes could be maximized?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

the amount of an mRNA in a particular cell could be regulated by its stability
alternative splicing could allow for one gene to produce different proteins with different function
certain genes could be turned on in some cell types but not in others contributing to different phenotypes in different cells
all of these are ways that the usefulness of a limited number of genes could be maximized
more than one of these are ways that the usefulness of a limited number of genes could be maximized

Explicación

Pregunta 73 de 156

1

which type of nucleic acid contains the codon sequence found in the chart used to determine the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

ribosomal RNA
transfer RNA
messenger RNA
template DNA strand
more than one of these

Explicación

Pregunta 74 de 156

1

the genetic code is redundant. this means that:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

some codons code for more than one amino acid
more than one ribosome can bind to an mRNA molecule
there is more than one stop codon in the genetic code
some amino acids are coded for by more than one codon

Explicación

Pregunta 75 de 156

1

as depicted in the central dogma, is necessary to pass traits to future generations, whereas are necessary for gene expression

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

replication; transcription and translation
transcription; translation and replication
translation; replication and transcription
none of these

Explicación

Pregunta 76 de 156

1

which of the following is a small, circular DNA molecule, found in bacteria, and is used as a vector (a carrier that can transport a DNA fragment to a desired location?)

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

probe
plasmid
transformation
restriction enzyme

Explicación

Pregunta 77 de 156

1

a certain gene contains 60 nucleotides. close to when transcription of the gene begins, one extra nucleotide is inserted into the growing RNA. as a result, the polypeptide later produced ____

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

will most likely have one fewer amino acids
will most likely contain one altered amino acid
will most likely contain several incorrect amino acids due to a frameshift
will most likely contain one extra amino acid

Explicación

Pregunta 78 de 156

1

the transcriptionally regulated genes within an operon that code for the proteins needed to achieve the operon's overall goal are called the

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

repressible
regulatory
inducible
structural

Explicación

Pregunta 79 de 156

1

which gene segment is positioned in between the promoter and the structural genes?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

the RNA polymerase
the operator
the repressor protein
the codon

Explicación

Pregunta 80 de 156

1

some operons are considered inducible while others are repressible. which situation describes the lac operon and trp operons?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

lac is inducible; trp is repressible
both are inducible
lac is repressible; trp is inducible
both are repressible

Explicación

Pregunta 81 de 156

1

an E. coli cell is growing in an environment that contains no lactose and no trytophan. which genes would you expect to be actively expressed in this cell?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

the trp E structural gene
the lac Z gene
the regulatory gene that is the lac operon
two of the previos choices are correct
all of the previous choices are correct

Explicación

Pregunta 82 de 156

1

the expression of a certain gene was recently studied in a large number of cells from a large number of individuals. in every cell type and in every organism the rate of gene expression was the same. this suggests that the gene is

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

controlled in a repressible operon
controlled in an inducible operon
catabolic
constitutively expressed
not easily classified

Explicación

Pregunta 83 de 156

1

a certain infectious bacterium uses five enzymes to synthesize its disease causing components. all five of these enzymes are produced together in the bacterial cell. the region of the bacterial DNA that contains the genes for these enzymes is most precisely called a(n)

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

vector
regulatory region
chromosome
operon

Explicación

Pregunta 84 de 156

1

which portion of the lac operon must be attached to something (i.e. an outside molecule) for initiation of transcription of the structural genes to occur?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

structural gene D
structural gene E
the lac promoter region
the lac operator region

Explicación

Pregunta 85 de 156

1

a bacterial culture can produce molecule Z. production is reduced when molecule Z is produced by the cells in large amounts or when it is added by a researcher to the growth medium. production of molecule Z is

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

sporadic
constitutive
controlled by a repressible operon
controlled by an inducible operon

Explicación

Pregunta 86 de 156

1

what is the primary goal of the lac operon in E. coli?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

to break lactose into its subunits
to use lactose as a molecular building block
to synthesize lactose from smaller components
all of the above

Explicación

Pregunta 87 de 156

1

in the lac operon, what would be the result of a defect in the operator site that prevented repressor attachment?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

the repressor would attach to the promoter
the operon would be permanently turned on
the structural genes would not be expressed
the operon would be permanently turned off

Explicación

Pregunta 88 de 156

1

which gene codes for a catabolic enzyme?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

gene E in the trp operon
gene z in the lac operon
gene a in the trp operon
the operator segment in the lac operon
none of these

Explicación

Pregunta 89 de 156

1

which characteristics of eukaryotes present challenges to our study of gene regulation?

1. relatively short life span and lack of developmental changes
2. increased size of the eukaryotic genome
3. multicellularity with cell specialization
4. simplistic internal cell anatomy

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

all four charateristics
characteristic 2 and 3
characteristic 2, 3, and 4
characteristic 3, exclusively

Explicación

Pregunta 90 de 156

1

tightly fitted sheets of cells are observed in ____ tissues

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

cartilage
blood
epithelial
connective

Explicación

Pregunta 91 de 156

1

the ability to exert force by contracting is observed in _____ tissues

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

muscle
nervous
epithelial
blood

Explicación

Pregunta 92 de 156

1

the linings of blood vessels are called ____ but are categorized as simple squamous epithelium

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

exovascular
endothelium
ectothelium
epicardium

Explicación

Pregunta 93 de 156

1

autocrine signaling differs from other types of signaling in that the signaling molecule

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

is received by the same cell that sends it
acts on nearby cells
binds to a receptor
is secreted by neurons only

Explicación

Pregunta 94 de 156

1

channel-linked receptors such as those that bind to neurotransmitters

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

can be ligand-gated or voltage gated
must be located on a cell membrane like the plasma membrane
allow for movement of ions down their concentration gradients
two of these are correct
all of these are correct

Explicación

Pregunta 95 de 156

1

of the four steps in neural signaling, which one involves sorting and interpretation of stimuli?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

transmission
integration
reception
none of these

Explicación

Pregunta 96 de 156

1

stimuli are often converted to electrical signals by

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

sensory receptors
glial cells
autonomic nerves
efferent neurons

Explicación

Pregunta 97 de 156

1

which of the following conditions can provide environmental information to a sensory receptor?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

molecular concentration
pressure changes and vibrations
light and heat
two of these
all of the above

Explicación

Pregunta 98 de 156

1

the conversion of stimulus energy into an energy form that can be communicated to the central nervous system is called

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

adaptation
reception
summation
transduction

Explicación

Pregunta 99 de 156

1

free nerve endings are involved in the sense of

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

smell
sight
pain
touch
taste

Explicación

Pregunta 100 de 156

1

the ability for visual accommodation is possessed by

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

insects and vertebrates
vertebrates, sea stars, and hydra
vertebrates
vertebrates, flatworms, and crustaceans

Explicación

Pregunta 101 de 156

1

which of the following statements is false?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

cones allow us to see colors
the fovea portion of the retina has a high concentration of rods and a low concentration of cones
rods are more sensitive to dim light than cones
all of the statements are false

Explicación

Pregunta 102 de 156

1

which statement is false?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

the sclera controls the amount of light that enters the pupil
the retina contains photoreceptors
the cornea is transparent
ciliary muscles are necessary for accommodation

Explicación

Pregunta 103 de 156

1

the first focusing element in a vertebrate eye from the front to the back is the

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

cornea
iris
lens
retina

Explicación

Pregunta 104 de 156

1

___ is an accumulation of excess connetive tissue on the lens, resulting in visual impairment

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

cataract
farsightedness
an astigmatism
glaucoma

Explicación

Pregunta 105 de 156

1

which portion of the human ear contains sensor receptors

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

tympanic membrane
cochlea
semicircular canals
pinna
more than one of these

Explicación

Pregunta 106 de 156

1

place the parts of the ear in the correct order as sound waves are received by the outer ear for transduction to a receptor potential for hearing

1. incus
2. malleus
3. stapes
4. tympanic membrane
5. semicircular canals
6. cochlea

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

42135
21346
42136
51236

Explicación

Pregunta 107 de 156

1

the direction of information flow in a single neuron is from the _ to the _ and finally to the ___.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

dendrite, cell body, synaptic terminus, axon
synaptic terminus, cell body, dendrite, axon
dendrite, cell body, axon, synaptic terminus
axon, cell body, synaptic terminus, dendrite

Explicación

Pregunta 108 de 156

1

as organisms exhibiting bilateral symmetry evolved, nervous systems exhibiting ___ developed

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

nerve cords running anterior > posterior
a center of coordination
neurons with specific functions
greater numbers of neurons (per body mass)
all of the above

Explicación

Pregunta 109 de 156

1

the triple layer of tissues which surround and protect the central nervous system are called the

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

meninges
glial cells
appendicular skeleton
neuromuscular junction

Explicación

Pregunta 110 de 156

1

in humans, ___ nerves prepare our organs to respond to stressful situations

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

sympathetic
somatic
cerebral
parasympathetic

Explicación

Pregunta 111 de 156

1

the presence of a myelin sheath can increase the

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

speed of the impulse
threshold value
resting potential
intensity of an impulse

Explicación

Pregunta 112 de 156

1

a single neuron sends a message along its axon. the message is sent back to an earlier neuron in the pathway, causing positive feedback. this type of neural citcuit is called

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

reverbrating
convergent
divergent
reflex

Explicación

Pregunta 113 de 156

1

which of the following would you expect to have the greatest influence on the generation of action potentials in neurons?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

ion concentration
pH
hydration levels
temperature

Explicación

Pregunta 114 de 156

1

which scenario best describes the generation of an action potential in a neuron?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

influx of calciumm depolarizes the cell and efflux of hydrogen replarizes the cell
influx of potassium depolarizes the cell and efflux of calcium repolarizes the cell
influx of potassium depolarizes the cell and efflux of sodium repolarizes the cell
influx of sodium depolarizes the cell and efflux of potassium repolarizes the cell

Explicación

Pregunta 115 de 156

1

an impulse travels to the pre-synaptic terminal of a neuron, which of the following is the most direct response to this occurence?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

ion channels on the post-synaptic cell open
neurotransmitters attach to the post-synaptic cell
an influx of calcium causes synaptic vesicles to fuse with the cell membrane
sodium ions leave the neuron

Explicación

Pregunta 116 de 156

1

if the neurotransmitter glycine caused negatively charged ions to enter a resting neuron, it would create a(n) ___ state

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

depolarized
excitatory
reflexive
hyperpolarized

Explicación

Pregunta 117 de 156

1

which of the following are components of the central nervous system?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

optic nerve
the cerebrum
femoral nerve (in the thigh)
radial nerve (in the arm and wrist)
more than one choice is correct

Explicación

Pregunta 118 de 156

1

in multicellular organism, tissues that maintain homeostasis by responding to nerve impulses formed after a stimulus are called ____

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

effectors
sensory tissues
immunogens
neural tissues

Explicación

Pregunta 119 de 156

1

why are skeletons useful in achieving locomotion?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

movement of skeleton components push muscles
ions contained in skeletal tissue sreve as neurotransmitters at neuromuscular junctions
they provide a stationary point of resistance to muscle contraction
ions contained in skeletal tissue initiate muscle contraction

Explicación

Pregunta 120 de 156

1

exoskeletons are present in ___

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

cnidarian (hydras)
vertebrates (horses)
mollusks (snail)
two of the previous choices are correct

Explicación

Pregunta 121 de 156

1

bones of limbs are ___

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

axial
terminal
appendicular
cranial

Explicación

Pregunta 122 de 156

1

the vertebrae are ___

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

the bones to which the femurs are attached
the subunits of the spinal cord
the layers of protective tissue around peripheral nerves
the bones of the wrist and ankle
none of the previous choices is correct

Explicación

Pregunta 123 de 156

1

the point of a skeleton where bones are connected to each other in a hinge is called a ___

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

ligament
joint
tendon
cartilage

Explicación

Pregunta 124 de 156

1

when a muscle contracts, it pulls on a _ which then pulls on a _

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

ligament ... joint
tendon ... bone
joint ... tendon
bone ... tendon

Explicación

Pregunta 125 de 156

1

ATP hydrolysis is essential for ___

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

muscle relaxation
muscle contraction
both
neither

Explicación

Pregunta 126 de 156

1

the organizational unit known as an osteon is a component of ___

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

spongy bone
cardiac muscle
joints
compact bone

Explicación

Pregunta 127 de 156

1

a certain individual has an elevated number of osteoclasts and a reduced number of osteoblasts. which of the following health conditions might result from this?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

bone spurs
muscle spasms
muscle degeneration
osteoporosis

Explicación

Pregunta 128 de 156

1

which type of muscle is striated and responds to involuntary neural signals?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

skeletal
smooth
cardiac
more than one of these is correct

Explicación

Pregunta 129 de 156

1

a tube-shaped component in a muscle fiber, composed of overlapping myofilaments, is known as ___

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

a sarcolemma
a T tubule
a myofibril
a muscle

Explicación

Pregunta 130 de 156

1

each time the tricep muscle in your upper arm contracts,

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

the biceps muscle in the opposite arm relaxes
the biceps muscle in the same arm contracts
the biceps muscle in the same arm relaxes
the biceps muscle in the opposite arm contracts

Explicación

Pregunta 131 de 156

1

according to the sliding filament theory, when a skeletal muscle contracts, ___

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

the myosin filaments get shorter
the Z lines of a sarcomere move away from each other
the actin filaments get shorter
none of the above occurs

Explicación

Pregunta 132 de 156

1

which of the following is associated with muscle fatigue and cramping?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

lactic acid accumulation
hemoglobin depletion
calcium deficiency
ADP depletion

Explicación

Pregunta 133 de 156

1

acetylcholine would most likely be found ___

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

in T tubules
in a sarcoplasmic reticulum
attached to microfilaments
in a neuromuscular junction
none of the choices is correct

Explicación

Pregunta 134 de 156

1

what is a cross-bridge?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

the connection between a neuron and a muscle
the connection that forms between actin and myosin
the connection between two osteons
the connection between a joint and two bones

Explicación

Pregunta 135 de 156

1

high oxygen concentration in blood enables a high metabolic rate and greater level of activity/physical exertion. based on relative activity levels and respiratory and circulatory system complexity, which organism would you expect to have the highest clood O2?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

frog
bird
crocodile
snake
all how rougly the same blood O2

Explicación

Pregunta 136 de 156

1

which os the following have open circulatory systems

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

cnidarians
platyhelminthes
both of these
neither of these

Explicación

Pregunta 137 de 156

1

new red blood cells are synthesized by ___

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

bone marrow
spleen
mature red blood cells
muscles

Explicación

Pregunta 138 de 156

1

the oxygen carrier molecule hemoglobin is an essential compoent of ___

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

erythrocytes
red and white blood cells and platelets
red blood cells and white blood cells
platelets and red blood cells

Explicación

Pregunta 139 de 156

1

the cellular fragment ___ is necessary for normal blood clotting ability

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

hemoglobin
platelets
carbon dioxide
plasma

Explicación

Pregunta 140 de 156

1

blood is composed of cellular components, suspended in a fluid. which of the following best describes the proportion of cells to fluids in blood?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

the proportion varies greatly from individual to individual assuming the individuals are well hydrated and do not have a cancer of the blood
there is a roughly equal amount of fluid and cells
there are many more cells than there is fluid
there is much more fluid than cellular material

Explicación

Pregunta 141 de 156

1

the main difference between arteries and veins is that arteries

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

carry blood containing a higher concentration of oxygen
take blood away from the heart
carry blood containing a higher concentration of carbon dioxide
more than one of these is correct

Explicación

Pregunta 142 de 156

1

where is blood pressure the lowest?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

all are the same
pulmonary artery
dorsal aorta
vena cava

Explicación

Pregunta 143 de 156

1

the superior and inferior vena cava deliver _ blood to the __

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

oxygenated ... right ventricle
deoxygenated ... right atrium
oxygenated ... left atrium
deoxygenated ... left atrium

Explicación

Pregunta 144 de 156

1

which sequence correctly describes the pulmonary circuit?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

right atrium > right ventricle > pulmonary arteries > pulmonary capillaries in lungs > pulmonary veins > left atrium
right atrium > left atrium > pulmonary arteries > pulmonary capillaries in lungs > pulmonary veins > right ventricle
right atrium > right ventricle > pulmonary veins > pulmonary capillaries in lungs > pulmonary arteries > left atrium
left atrium > right ventricle > pulmonary arteries > pulmonary capillaries in lungs > pulmonary veins > right atrium

Explicación

Pregunta 145 de 156

1

the presence of two circulatory pathways (systemic and pulmonary) is typically observed in ___

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

birds
fishes
earthworms
hydra

Explicación

Pregunta 146 de 156

1

the blood vessels that contain valves are called ___

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

arteries
arterioles
capillaries
veins
more than one of these

Explicación

Pregunta 147 de 156

1

the spleen is a part of the ___ system

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

reproductive
cardiovascular
disgestive
immune

Explicación

Pregunta 148 de 156

1

which os the following is a connection between the lymphatic system and the circulatory system?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

the lymph system synthesizes erythrocytes for the blood
the lymph system collects and delivers interstitial fluid back to the blood
arteris are part of the lymphatic system
they are not related

Explicación

Pregunta 149 de 156

1

respiratory systems in insects use ___ to transport oxygen directly into tissues

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

alveoli
gills
bronchi
tracheoles
all of the above

Explicación

Pregunta 150 de 156

1

gas exchange is best accomplished by moving air across a ___ membrane

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

dry, thin
positively charged, dry
negatively charged, thick
moist, thin

Explicación

Pregunta 151 de 156

1

during ___ the diaphragm relaxes, the chest cavity contracts, and air is expelled

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

inspiration
inhalation
none of these
expiration

Explicación

Pregunta 152 de 156

1

which sequence of structures is correct (exterior > interior)

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

alveolus, trachea, bronchiole, bronchus
bronchus, trachea, bronchiole, alveolus
trachea, bronchiole, bronchus, alveolus
trachea, bronchus, bronchiole, alveolus

Explicación

Pregunta 153 de 156

1

microbial infection of the bronchi, leading to airway obstruction and inflammation is called ___

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

emphysema
bronchitis
asthma
cystic fibrosis

Explicación

Pregunta 154 de 156

1

in non-specific immunity, repeated exposure to a pathogen ___

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

increases the strength but decreases the speed of the immune response
decreases the speed and strength of the immune response
has no affect of the speed or strength of the immune response
increases the speed of the immune response

Explicación

Pregunta 155 de 156

1

non-specific immunity is _, while specific immunity is _

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

induced ... suppressed
suppressed ... induced
acquired ... innate
innate ... acquired

Explicación

Pregunta 156 de 156

1

interactions between infectious materials and antibodies are the central aspect of ___

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

physiologic immunity
non-specific immunity
humoral immunity
cell-mediated immunity

	Creado por Toria Chukwuemeka hace más de 7 años

a composite of quizzes and exams

Pregunta 1 de 156

_____ are alternative forms of a gene that govern the same feature, such as eye color

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 2 de 156

pea plants were ell chosen for use in Mendel's breeding experiment for all of the following reasons except

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 3 de 156

the separation of alleles of a gene takes place during

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 4 de 156

which of the following represents the possible genotype(s) resulting from a cross between an individual homozygous (ZZ) and one heterozygous (Zz) individual?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 5 de 156

Mating an individual expressing a dominant phenotype, but whose genotype is unknown, with an individual expressing the corresponding recessive phenotype is an example of

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 6 de 156

in humans, assume that the allele for brown eyes is dominant and the allele for blue eyes is recessive. If two brown-eyed individuals have a child with blue eyes, that means

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 7 de 156

mendel crossed true-breeding plants having yellow peas with plants having green peas. the resulting plants all had yellow peas. An F2 cross resulted in 3/4 of the plants having yellow peas and 1/4 of the plants having green peas. What does this tell you about the alleles for color?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 8 de 156

An organism with the genotype of AaXx can produce gametes containing ____ if the two genes are unlinked

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 9 de 156

why is color blindness more common in males than in females?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 10 de 156

what are the possible phenotypes of the children of the children is the mother has Type O blood and the father has AB blood?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 11 de 156

The information carried by DNA is incorporated in a code verified by the

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 12 de 156

Which of the following nucleotide sequences represents the complement to the DNA strand 5' - AGATCCG - 3' ?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 13 de 156

Transcription of RNA takes place in the

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 14 de 156

which of the following adds new nucleotides to a growing RNA chain?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 15 de 156

the form of RNA the carries the code from DNA to the site where the protein is assembled his called

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 16 de 156

uracil can pair with

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 17 de 156

the portions of an RNA molecule that are translated are called

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 18 de 156

sickle-cell anemia is caused by what type of mutation

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 19 de 156

The inner surface of epithelial tissue rests on a

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 20 de 156

the principal difference between simple and stratified epithelium is in the number of

co-repressors in a repressible system bind to the and make the operon _