Mer Scott
Test por , creado hace más de 1 año

• Describe the primary plant cell wall synthesis, composition, structure and function. • Describe the structure and function of the secondary plant cell wall. • Define the term plasmodesmata and outline the role these structures play in cellular communication and viral spread.

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Mer Scott
Creado por Mer Scott hace más de 7 años
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L14 Plant cell wall structures and function

Pregunta 1 de 22

1

Which of these is not an industrial use of the plant cell wall?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Human health

  • Renewable biofuels

  • Paper products

  • Clothing dye

  • These are all uses of the plant cell wall.

Explicación

Pregunta 2 de 22

1

Choose the incorrect statement about the cell wall/plant cells.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • The middle lamella is the "cement" inbetween cell's cell walls.

  • The middle lamella is mainly composed of pectin.

  • The primary cell wall is the innermost wall.

  • There are 3 layers in a secondary cell wall.

Explicación

Pregunta 3 de 22

1

Cellulose is:
(Choose all correct.)

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • a glucose polymer

  • highly ordered

  • a branching molecule

  • long and ribbon like

  • the most abundant macromolecule on earth

  • a readily accessible source of high energy

Explicación

Pregunta 4 de 22

1

Cellulose forms microfibrils which contain hydrogen bonds.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 5 de 22

1

Choose the incorrect statement about the primary cell wall.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • It is relatively thin and flexible.

  • It allows for growth.

  • It is about half (40-50%) cellulose and hemicellulose, with hemicellulose being more dominant.

  • It is about 35% pectin.

  • It is 5-10% protein, mainly extensin.

Explicación

Pregunta 6 de 22

1

Pectin:
(Choose all correct.)

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • is a polysaccharide.

  • absorbs water.

  • resists compression.

  • is a disaccharide.

  • is hydrophobic.

Explicación

Pregunta 7 de 22

1

There are phases of cell wall composition, plus a network of . Firstly, a where cellulose is the main component. Secondly, a is formed of pectic and polysaccharides. Hemicellulose is a polysaccharide, with a sugar backbone, containing short chains of different sugars. It forms a rigid structure. Pectin is a and negatively charged polysaccharide.

Arrastra y suelta para completar el texto.

    two
    extensin
    crystalline microfibrillar phase
    non-crystalline matrix
    hemicellulosic
    polysaccharides
    heterogenous
    homogenous
    single
    multi
    side
    branched
    straight chained molecule

Explicación

Pregunta 8 de 22

1

Which of these is not an effect of extensin and cellulose cross linking.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Dehydration of the cell wall.

  • Increase in extensibility.

  • Increase of cell wall strength.

  • None of the above.

Explicación

Pregunta 9 de 22

1

Complete the steps of cell wall synthesis.
1. are made and excreted by the to form the cell wall basis.
2. are processed/fully synthesized in the and leave in vesicles to the cell wall.
3. from the go through the Golgi and are sent to added the cell wall via vesicles.
Note: all vesicles fuse to the plasma membrane.

Arrastra y suelta para completar el texto.

    Cellulose microfibrils
    Polysaccharides pectin and hemicellulose
    Proteins e.g. extensins
    plasma membrane
    Golgi
    rough endoplasmic reticulum

Explicación

Pregunta 10 de 22

1

Cellulose is synthesized by a multi sub unit complex, which contains the enzyme . Sucrose is spilt into it's components of and glucose. Glucose is used to make while sucrose remains in the .

Arrastra y suelta para completar el texto.

    cellulose synthase
    fructose
    cellulose
    cytosol

Explicación

Pregunta 11 de 22

1

Choose the incorrect statement about the cell wall synthesis process.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Cellulose synthase sits in the plasma membrane.

  • Cellulose synthase is attached to the cytoskeleton's cortical microtubules.

  • Cellulose microfibrils are produced by cellulose synthase.

  • Cellulose microfibrils run perpendicular to the cortical microtubules.

Explicación

Pregunta 12 de 22

1

Randomly oriented cellulose microfibrils causes the cell to expand in all directions.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 13 de 22

1

Microfibrils perpendicular to the long axis of the cell will cause the cell to expand horizontally.

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

  • VERDADERO
  • FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 14 de 22

1

Infected cells will produce:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • fungicide-containing fusion bodies

  • fungicide-containing inclusion bodies

  • fungicide-resisting fusion bodies

  • fungicide-resisting inclusion bodies

Explicación

Pregunta 15 de 22

1

When cells receive a signal from an adjacent infected cell, they will:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • carry out programmed cell death

  • release fungicide into their cytoplasm

  • release fungicide into their cell walls

Explicación

Pregunta 16 de 22

1

Choose the correct statement about the secondary cell wall.

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • It is weaker and thinner than the primary wall.

  • All plant cells have a secondary wall.

  • It is produced after cell growth has stopped.

  • It provides additional support to the primary cell wall.

Explicación

Pregunta 17 de 22

1

The secondary cell wall:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • has multiple layers, with microfibrils aligned in the same direction

  • has a single layer, with microfibrils aligned in the same direction

  • has multiple layers, with microfibrils aligned in different directions

  • has a single layer, with microfibrils aligned in the different directions

Explicación

Pregunta 18 de 22

1

Choose the correct statements about the secondary cell wall.

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • It has more cellulose than the primary cell wall.

  • It has more pectin than the primary cell wall.

  • 15 to 35 percent of it is lignin.

Explicación

Pregunta 19 de 22

1

Selecciona la opción correcta de los menús desplegables para completar el texto.

Lignin is found in ( secondary, primary ) cell walls and is the ( second most, most ) abundant macromolecule on earth. It is a complex phenolic ( polymer, monomer ) which confers strength, ( rigidity, flexibility ) and ( hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity ).

Explicación

Pregunta 20 de 22

1

A grouping of plasmodesmata is called a:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • pitfield

  • pore field

  • desmozone

Explicación

Pregunta 21 de 22

1

Plasmodesmata allow cell to cell via channels which connect . The plasma membrane around these pores is from one cell to another. The plasmodesmata are small enough to prevent movement but large enough to allow the free exchange of . The endoplasmic reticulum can the plasmodesmata to between cells.

Arrastra y suelta para completar el texto.

    communication
    cytoplasm
    continuous
    organelle
    small molecules
    penetrate
    bridge

Explicación

Pregunta 22 de 22

1

Choose the correct options.

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Viruses can move through plasmodesmata by drifting.

  • Viruses need gating/movement proteins to move through plasmodesmata.

  • Alfalfa mosaic virus and potato leafroll virus are an exception to this method of infection.

  • Alfalfa mosaic virus and potato leafroll virus are an example of this method of infection.

Explicación

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