Chapter 3 - Structure and Function of the Nervous System

neuroaxis

anterior

posterior

rostral

caudal

dorsal

ventral

lateral

medial

ipsilateral

contralateral

cross section

frontal section

horizontal section

sagittal section

midsagital plane

meninges (sing. meninx)

dura mater

arachnoid membrane

pia mater

subarachnoid space

cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

ventricle

lateral ventricle

third ventricle

cerebral aqueduct

fourth ventricle

choroid plexus

neural tube

cerebral cortex

progenitor cells

ventricular zone (VZ)

symmetrical division

asymmetrical division

radial glia

apoptosis

neurogenesis

forebrain

cerebral hemisphere

subcortical region

sulcus (plur. sulci)

fissure

gyrus (plur. gyri)

primary visual cortex

calcarine fissure

primary auditory cortex

lateral fissure

primary somatosensory cortex

sentral sulcus

primary motor cortex

frontal lobe

parietal lobe

temporal lobe

occipital lobe

sensory association cortex

motor association cortex/premotor cortex

prefrontal cortex

corpus callosum

neocortex

limbic cortex

cingulate gyrus

limbic system

hippocampus

amygdala

fornix

mammillary bodies

basal ganglia

nucleus (plur. nuclei)

diencephalon

thalamus

projection fiber

lateral geniculate nucleus

medial geniculate nucleus

ventrolateral nucleus

hypothalamus

optic chaism

anterior pituitary gland

neurosecratory cell

posterior pituitary gland

midbrain/mesencephalon

tectum

superior culliculi

inferior colliculi

brain stem

tegmentum

reticular formation

periaqueductal gray matter

red nucleus

substantia nigra

hindbrain

cerebellum

cerebellar cortex

deep cerebellar nuclei

cerebellar peduncle

pons

medulla oblongata

spinal cord

spinal root

cauda equina

caudal block

dorsal root

ventral root

spinal nerve

afferent axon

dorsal root ganglion

efferent axon

cranial nerve

vagus nerve

olfactory bulb

somatic nervous system

Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)

sympathetic division

sympathetic ganglia

sympathetic ganglion chain

preganglionic neuron

postganglionic neuron

parasympathetic division