If a sample is selected from a population, the sample mean is essentially guaranteed to be different from the population mean. In general, the naturally occurring difference between a sample statistic and the corresponding population parameter is called what?

When an observer switches recording from one behavior during one interval to another behavior during another interval, it is known as ____ sampling.

What outcome is likely to occur for a hypothesis test evaluating a treatment that has a very large and robust effect?

A researcher uses an anonymous survey to investigate the study habits of American college students. Based on the set of 56 surveys that were completed and returned, the researcher finds that these students spend an average of 4.1 hours each week working on course material outside of class. For this study, the average of 4.1 hours is an example of a(n) ____.

The idiographic approach to research involves ____.

What is the purpose for using habituation in an observational research study?

Content analysis involves using behavioral observation techniques to record behaviors that ____.

One category of data is obtained by measuring one variable for each individual in a single group of participants. What statistics are most commonly used for data in this category?.

In the observational study of adolescents at the mall, you count the number of social interaction behaviors that occur within a one-hour observation period. This is an example of the ____ method of quantifying behavior.

Which statistic was developed to correct problems with inter-rater reliability?

If the data in a scatter plot form a nearly perfect circle, the Pearson correlation would be approximately ____.

On a questionnaire, Dr. Ondirk asks participants to answer the following questions? "What do you think about the legalization of marijuana for medicinal purposes?" This is an example of a(n) ____ question.

During a study using the behavioral research strategy, it is common to prepare a list of behaviors called behavioral categories before the actual observation begins. The least likely purpose for this procedure is to ____.

A researcher conducts a survey to determine the average number of text messages that college students send or receive during a typical one-hour class. Which research strategy is being used?

A researcher is interested in the sleeping habits of students at the local state college. The average number of hours spent sleeping each night for the entire set of students enrolled at the college is an example of a ____.

Which type of question is a Likert-type question?

Rosenham's research investigating the experiences of patients and patient-staff interactions in psychiatric hospitals is an example of ____.

Which statement identifies a potential problem with Internet surveys?

Bird watching is most similar to what type of research?

A researcher who brings dating couples into the laboratory to be observed while they are solving a problem is most likely using ____.

Which general category of statistical methods is intended to answer questions about populations by using sample data?

If a distribution of numerical scores contains one or two extremely high values, compared to the rest of the scores, which measure of central tendency would produce the most representative value?

What would the scatter plot show for data that produce a Pearson correlation of r = +.88?

The ages of the children in a summer camp range from 7 to 12 years old. A counselor constructs a frequency distribution graph showing the number of children for each of the six age groups. What kind of graph would be appropriate for this distribution

A researcher reports a significant correlation using an alpha level of .01 . In this situation, the probability that the researcher is making a ____.

The concept of degrees of freedom is associated with the ____.

A researcher who wanted to observe behaviors in a private social club would probably need to use ____.

During a study using the behavioral research strategy, it is common to have two observers record behavior simultaneously. What is the purpose for this procedure?

In a hypothesis test, standard error measures ____.

A characteristic, usually a numerical value that describes a sample, is called a ____.

A researcher has measured self-esteem for a sample of 40 first-grade children. The researcher would like to divide the children into two equal‑sized groups consisting of the high self-esteem kids and the low self-esteem kids. Which statistical measure will identify the correct score to serve as the boundary between the high and the low self-esteem groups?

If a set of scores has a mean of 45 and a standard deviation of 9, then the scores have a variance of ____.

What problem is Cohen's kappa intended to correct?

What is an advantage to administering a survey over the Internet?

What type of question allows participants the greatest flexibility in deciding how to answer?

Essay questions on an exam are examples of ____ items

How does the descriptive research strategy differ from the experimental or nonexperimental research strategies?

One category of data is obtained by measuring two different variables for each individual in a single group of participants. What statistics are most commonly used for data in this category?

Where is a score of X = 45 located in a distribution with a mean of 40 and a standard deviation of 12?

What is a limitation of survey research?

A researcher is interested in the sleeping habits of students at the local state college. The entire set of students enrolled at the college is an example of a ____.

In an observational study of children in a day care setting, you select one participant at a time for observation. This is an example of using ____.

A researcher studies a group of 25 preschool children in order to answer questions about the entire population of preschool children. What general categories of statistical techniques will this researcher be using?

The ____ method for quantifying observations involves counting the number of times a behavior occurs in a specified period of time.

If a frequency distribution is shown in a bar graph, what scale was used to measure the scores?

When researchers apply behavioral observation techniques to historical records in order to measure behaviors that occurred in the past, the measurement process is called ____.

Which method for administering a survey requires the greatest amount of time from the researcher?

What is the definition of variance?

A researcher has pairs of college student participants play a card game in the laboratory. However, the game is rigged to ensure that one participant experiences a long losing streak so that the researcher can observe how the losing students behave when they are frustrated. For this study, what kind of behavioral observation is being used?