Rocks and Minerals

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Social Science Flashcards on Rocks and Minerals, created by Natalia Ramos Escalada on 20/01/2020.
Natalia Ramos Escalada
Flashcards by Natalia Ramos Escalada, updated more than 1 year ago
Natalia Ramos Escalada
Created by Natalia Ramos Escalada almost 5 years ago
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Question Answer
What is the Earth's crust made of? It's made of minerals and rocks
What are rocks? Rocks are clusters of minerals and other inorganic materials.
What are minerals? Minerals are structured crystals that have specific chemical components.
What are three main types of rocks? Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic
How do igneous rock form? Molten lava from volcanoes cools and hardens.
If the lava cools quickly, small crystals form and the rock has dots of colour (granite)
If the lava cools slowly, large crystals form and the rock looks the same colour all over (basalt)
Granite
Basalt
What do sedimentary rock consist of? They consist of layers of other rock fragments, or animal or plant fossils.
How long does it take to form a sedimentary rock? They compact over millions of years to form
Clay
Limestone
Sandstone
How do metamorphic rocks form? Some igneous and sedimentary rock is pushed down by other layers of rock forming on top.
Marble
Slate
How many types of minerals are there? There are over 4 000 types of minerals in the world.
How do we classify minerals? According to the chemical composition
How are called pure minerals? They are called elements (diamonds)
Can you name an example of sulphate? Gypsum
Can you name an oxide? Rubies
What is limestone used for? It is used to make cement for roads and buildings.
What is talc used for? It is used to make talcum powder
What are diamonds used for? They are used in jewellery
What is quartz used for? It is used in watches and other electronics
What is marble used for? It is used on counter tops and floors
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