Chemical Definitions

Question	Answer
Atom	Smallest particle of an element that can take part in a chemical reaction
Molecule	Pure, neutral substance that has two or more atoms chemically bonded together e.g. O2, H2O
Compound	Single, pure substance that contains two or more elements chemically combined e.g. copper sulfate
Mixture	Impure substance Contains two or more compounds/elements not chemically bonded e.g. Sea water, crude oil
Element	Single, pure substance that contains only one type of atom e.g. copper
Separation Techniques: Insoluble solids in liquids	1) filtration - solid in filter paper is residue, liquid that goes through is the filtrate 2) centrifugation - very fast spinning 3) decanting - separates depending on densities
Separation Techniques: Mixture of two solids	Depends on the differences in the properties of the solids, e.g. solubility, magnetic properties Dissolving in water, filtering, evaporating and then crystallizing
Separation Techniques: Simple distillation	Used for liquid mixtures and solutions 1) boil the mixture 2) one of the liquids evaporates 3) it then condenses in the water jacket and is collected in a flask
Separation Techniques: Fractional distillation	Used for miscible liquid mixtures Takes advantage of different boiling points e.g. water and ethanol Has a fractionating colum with crystal beads
Separation Techniques: Separation funnel	Two inmiscible liquids

Resource summary

	Created by Cristina Puyol over 8 years ago