978062
Description
Flashcards by Olivia Phillips , updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Olivia Phillips
over 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Why do you need to eat food? | You eat food to release the energy you need to live and to build new cells. |
| Why does a pregnant woman need more energy than a woman who isn't pregnant? | A pregnant woman will need more energy because they are carrying extra weight. Also they will need to provide energy for the baby. |
| Why do athletes need to eat more food than the average person? | The amount of exercise you do affects the amount of energy you need. So the more you exercise the more food you need to take in. |
| What health problems are linked to obesity? | Heart disease and high blood pressure. |
| What must you do to loose weight? | By cutting back the amount of food you take in and by increasing the amount of exercise you do. |
| Why do you need cholesterol in your body? | You need cholesterol for your cell membranes and to make vital hormones. |
| How could you change your cholesterol levels? | By doing exercise. |
| What causes infectious diseases? | Infectious diseases are cause by microorganisms entering and attacking your body. |
| How do viruses differ to bacteria? | 1) Viruses are smaller than bacteria 2) Bacteria can be used for helpful things e.g for food or medicine. 3) Viruses cause diseases in every living organism from people to bacteria. |
| How do pathogens make you feel Ill? | Once the pathogens enter your body they start to reproduce rapidly. Bacteria simply split in two - whilst producing toxins (poisons) Viruses take over cells whilst reproducing, destroying and damaging the cells. |
| What are the four main ways infectious diseases can be spread? | 1) Droplet infection 2) Direct contact 3) Contaminated food or drink 4)Through a break in your skin |
| What are the three main ways in which your body prevents pathogens from getting in? | 1) Your skin (acts as a barrier) 2) Scabs (stopping pathogens entering the wound) 3) Mucus & acid |
| Why don't medicines act like aspirin actually cure your Illness? | Because you have to wait for your immune system to overcome the pathogens. |
| What is an antibiotic? | An antibiotic is a medicine that can work inside your body to kill the bacteria that cause diseases. |
| How do antibiotics work? | Antibiotics work by killing the bacteria that cause disease while they are inside your body, They damage the bacterial cells without harming your own cells. |
| Who was the first person to discover penicillin? | Alexander flemming |
| What is agar jelly? | A liquid or gel containing nutrients. |
| Why must everything be sterilised before you start a culture? | It kills of any unwanted microorganisms. |
| Why is it important not to use antibiotics too frequently? | Because many types of bacterium have developed antibiotic resistance as a result of natural selection. |
| Is MRSA a bacterium or a virus? | Bacteria. |
| What is an antigen? | Every cell has unique proteins on its surface called antigens. Your white blood cells make antibodies which join up with the antigens. |
| What is an antibody? | Antibodies destroy antigens without any risk of you getting the disease. |
| Give one example of one bacterial and one viral disease which you can be immunised against. | Bacterial: Tetanus and diphtheria Viral: Polio, measles and mumps |
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