11310262
Description
Flashcards by Zita Wormuth, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Zita Wormuth
about 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| List the order in which air travels to the alveoli (organs) | Nasal Cavity ➡ Pharynx ➡ Epiglottis closes ➡ Larynx ➡ Trachea ➡ Bronchi ➡ Bronchioles ➡ Alveoli |
| List 5 reasons why lungs are so well suited for gas exchange | 1. Alveoli give lungs huge surface area 2. Alveoli have many blood vessels 3. Membrane of alveolus is thin 4. Lungs positioned deep in the body - no evaporation 5.Lung volume can be changed by movements of muscles |
| What is inspiration? | The process of taking air into the lungs. Pressure of air in lungs must be lower than outside the body |
| Describe the sequence of events that occur during inspiration | - Diaphragm contracts and chest cavity moves down - Intercostal muscles contract ribs move up and out - Lung volume increases |
| What is expiration? | Breathing out Air pressure in lungs is greater than outside the body |
| Describe the events that occur during expiration | - Diaphragm relaxes, chest cavity moves up - Rib cage moves down and in - Lung volume decreases - Air flows from high pressure in lungs to low pressure outside |
| Where does carbon dioxide diffuse into during gas exchange? | CO2 diffuses from the higher concentration in the blood to the lower concentration in the alveolus |
| Where does oxygen diffuse into during gas exchange? | Oxygen diffuses from the high concentration of the alveolus to the low concentration of the blood |
| Why is gas exchange into the alveolus so easy? | The alveolus is only one cell thick and inside the alveolus is a film of moisture |
| What kind of blood does the artery bring to the alveolus? Oxygenated or deoxygenated? | Deoxygenated |
| What kind of blood do the capilleries bring away from the alveolus? Oxygenated or deoxygenated? | Oxygenated |
| What is Emphysema? | A diseased caused by long term exposure to irritating particles taken into the lungs. It cannot be cured and the progression of the disease can't be stopped. |
| What is lung cancer? | Development of a tumour in the lungs often caused by tobacco smoking, exposure to asbestos fibres and other pollutants |
| What is pneumonia? | Infection of the lungs caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi or other organisms. Inflammation causes secretion of fluid and mucus into alveoli making breathing difficult |
| What is tuberculosis? | An infection of the lung caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis causes high number of deaths |
| What is asthma? | An allergic response to foreign substances that enter the body. May trigger an asthma attack. |
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