Flashcards
breathing and gas exchange
Cards in this deck (14)
- 1define 'ventilation'the mechanism that moves air into/out of lungs which allows gas exchange to take place
- 2what is needed for cells to respire aerobically?continuous supply of oxygen from blood
CO2 must be removed
gasses must be exchanged between blood and air in lungs - 3what is the muscular sheet of tissue which (together with the thorax) encloses the lungs in the ribs?the diaphragm
- 4what joins each rib to the next?external and internal intercostal muscles
- 5what is a bronchial tree?air passages of the lungs form a branching network
- 6what is the function of the rings of cartilage in the trachea?to support airways and keep them open
- 7where does gas exchange with the blood take place?in the alveoli (microscopic air sacs found at the end of the bronchioles)
- 8how is the trachea kept clean?it is lined with a layer of cells which secrete mucus which traps the dirt.cilia beat the mucus up towards the mouth
- 9what happens to our diaphragm when we breath in?there is a higher volume inside and a lower pressure than outside the body- the diaphragm muscles contract and flatten- the external intercostal muscles contract- ribs go up and out
- 10what happens when we breath outthere is a lower volume inside and a higher pressure inside than outside the body- diaphragm muscles relax and becomes curved. internal intercostal muscles contract, pulling the ribs down and out
- 11how are alveoli adapted for gas exchange?large surface area
moist
tiny cell wall for diffusion - 12what causes a smoker's cough?cigarette smoke kills cilia cells so there is a build up of mucus in air passages
- 13what is the cause of emphysema?smoke damages the walls of the alveoli, causing them to fuse together and form large, irregular air spaces
- 14what is carboxyhaemoglobin?carbon monoxide in smoke in smoke binds with haemoglobin instead of oxygen, reducing the amount of oxygen being carried in the blood
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- Flashcards on breathing and gas exchange, created by ashley.amber on 29/05/2013.
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- ashley.amber
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