Globular Proteins

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A level Biology (2.1.2 Biological Molecules) Flashcards on Globular Proteins, created by Yinka F on 24/01/2018.
Yinka F
Flashcards by Yinka F, updated more than 1 year ago
Yinka F
Created by Yinka F almost 7 years ago
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Question Answer
Complete the sentences: Globular proteins are _______ and compact. The hydrophilic R groups tend to be pushed to the outside of the molecule - this is caused by the ________ and ________ interactions in the protein's _________ structure. This makes globular proteins ________, so they're easily transported in fluids. Globular proteins are ROUND and compact. The hydrophilic R groups tend to be pushed to the outside of the molecule - this is caused by the HYDROPHOBIC and HYDROPHILIC interactions in the protein's TERTIARY structure. This makes globular proteins SOLUBLE, so they're easily transported in fluids.
What is the structure of haemoglobin? Conjugated protein Quaternary structure = 4 polypeptide chains (2 alpha, 2 beta) Hydrophobic R groups point to the center Haem group on each polypeptide chain (this is a prosthetic group - not composed of amino acids) Haem group contains Fe²⁺)
What is a conjugated protein? A protein with a non-protein group attached
What is the function of haemoglobin? Carries oxygen around the body in red blood cells
What is the function of insulin A hormone secreted by the pancreas Helps to regulate the blood glucose level
What is the structure of insulin? 2 polypeptide chains held together by disulphide bonds When they're in the pancreas, 6 of these bind together to form a large, globular structure Chain begins with a helix and ends with a section of β-pleated sheet Hydrophilic R groups are on the outside (water soluble)
What is the function of amylase? An enzyme that catalyses the breakdown of starch in the digestive system
What is the structure of amylase? Made of a single chain of amino acids Secondary structure = both alpha-helix and beta-pleated sheet sections Most enzymes are globular proteins
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