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| Question | Answer |
| What are stem cells? | Unspecialised cells with the ability to differentiate. They are also able to divide to produce more undifferentiated stem cells (can renew themselves) |
| Complete the sentences: In animals, at the bone marrow, adult stem cells divide and ______________ to replace worn out blood cells - ___________ and __________. | In animals, at the bone marrow, adult stem cells divide and DIFFERENTIATE to replace worn out blood cells - ERYTHROCYTES and NEUTROPHILS. |
| Complete the sentences: In plants, stem cells are found in the ____________. In the root and stem, stem cells of the ____________ __________ divide and differentiate to become ________ vessels and phloem ________ _______. |
In plants, stem cells are found in the MERISTEM. In the root and stem, stem cells of the VASCULAR CAMBIUM divide and differentiate to become XYLEM vessels and phloem SIEVE TUBES.
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| Why are stem cells important for medicine? | Stem cells can develop into different specialised cell types, so they have a huge potential for use in medicine. Studying stem cells can help us to understand more about things like developmental disorders and cancer |
| What is developmental biology? | How organisms grow and develop |
| How can stem cells be used in treating heart disease? | Researchers are trying to make replacement heart cells to repair damaged tissue by using stem cells |
| What is alzheimer's disease? | A neurodegenerative disease whereby nerve cells in the brain die in increasing numbers, resulting in severe memory loss |
| How can stem cells be used in treating alzheimer's disease? | Researchers are hoping to use stem cells to regrow healthy nerve cells. There is current research into using a type of stem cell called Induced Pluripotent Stem (iPS) cells. Scientists are developing a method for growing neurons from iPS cells to study the neurons similar to those affected by the disease in the brain |
| How can stem cells be used in treating Parkinson's disease? | Patients suffer from uncontrollable tremors. It causes the loss of a particular type of nerve cell found in the brain which releases dopamine, which is needed to control movement. Transplanted stem cells may help to regenerate these cells |
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