12114647
Description
Flashcards by Mrs Z Rourke, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Mrs Z Rourke
almost 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is the function of the nucleus? | Carries genetic information and controls what happens inside the cell |
| What is the function of the cell membrane? | Controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell |
| What is the function of the cytoplasm? | Jelly-like substance, where chemical reactions happen |
| What is the function of the mitochondria? | Where respiration takes place, releasing energy for the cell |
| What is the function of the vacuole? | Contains a liquid called cell sap, which keeps the cell firm |
| What is the function of the cell wall? | Made of a tough substance called cellulose, which supports the cell |
| What is the function of chloroplasts? | Contain the green pigment chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy. This is where photosynthesis occurs. |
| Definition of a tissue. | Groups of similar cells with a similar function |
| Definition of organ. | Several different tissues performing specific functions. |
| What is meant by the term specialised cells? | Cells that are adapted for specific functions |
| What is diffusion? | Movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration |
| What is osmosis? | Movement of water particles from a high concentration to a low concentration across a selectively permeable membrane |
| Where does aerobic respiration take place? | All cells |
| What part of the cell carries out aerobic respiration? | Mitochondria |
| Aerobic respiration - what is missing? Oxygen + __________ ----> carbon dioxide + water | Glucose |
| Why does your heart rate increase when you exercise? | Your heart pumps blood around the body. The blood contains oxygen and glucose that the muscle cells need to carry out aerobic respiration. Your muscles need more oxygen and glucose to carry out a higher rate of respiration to produce enough energy for contraction. |
| Why does your body carry out anaerobic respiration? | When there is insufficient oxygen supply to your muscle cells. |
| Anaerobic respiration - what is missing? Glucose ----> ___________ + little energy | Lactic acid |
| Why is aerobic respiration better than anaerobic respiration? | Anaerobic respiration is the incomplete breakdown of glucose which results in less energy being produced. |
| Why is lactic acid harmful to your body? | Causes muscle fatigue |
| How is lactic acid neutralised? | Paying back the oxygen debt to oxidise the lactic acid. |
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