122263
Description
Flashcards by ellanabishop, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by ellanabishop
over 11 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| the ..... of attraction between molecules are weak | intermolecular forces |
| this results in them having .. | low melting points |
| they also do not .... | conduct electricity |
| because... | they do not have any free electrons |
| the group one elements are also known as the | the alkali metals |
| alkali metals are stored under oil because... | they are very reactive with air and water |
| in a flame test lithium goes.. | RED |
| sodium goes.. | YELLOW |
| and potassium goes.. | PURPLE |
| whats the formula for the reaction with alkali metals and water? | alkali metal+water-->alkali metal hydroxide+hydrogen |
| what is the balanced symbol equation for this? | 2(AM)+2H2O--->2(AM)OH+H2 |
| the melting point and boiling point of the alkali metals ...... going down the group | decrease |
| the density ..... going down the group | increases |
| what happens when a group 1 element reacts? | the atom looses 1 electron to form a positive ion with a stable electronic structure |
| why do the alkali metals become more reactive as you go down the group? | because the outer shell gets further away from the nucleus making it easier for the atom to lose an electron |
| what is oxidation? | the loss of electron from an atom |
| what is another word used for the group 7 elements? | The halogens |
| at room temperature chlorine is a | green gas |
| bromine is an | orange liquid |
| iodine is a | grey solid |
| what is iodine used as? | an antiseptic to sterilise wounds |
| what is chlorine used for? | sterilising water and to make pesticides and plastics |
| when group 1 and group 7 elements react the formula is | group 1 element+group 7 element ----> group 1 element group 7 element with 'ide' on the end |
| as we go down the group the halogens become ... reactive | less |
| and their melting and boiling points ... | decrease |
| a more reactive halogen.... a less reactive halogen | displaces |
| whats the formula for reacting 2 group 7 elements together? | potassium bromide +chlorine ----> potassium chlorine + Bromine |
| what happens when a group 7 element reacts? | it gains one electron to form a negative ion with a stable electronic structure |
| what is reduction? | the gain of electrons |
| the halogens become less reactive as you go down the group because.. | the outer shell gets further away from the nucleus meaning it's harder for the atom to gain an electron |
| what's an easy way to remember oxidation and reduction? | OILRIG Oxidation Is Loss of electrons Reduction Is Gain of electrons |
| in transition metals copper compounds are... | BLUE |
| iron compounds are .. | GREY/GREEN |
| iron compound(III) are | ORANGE/BROWN |
| many transition metals and their compounds can be used as | catalysts |
| give 2 examples of when transition metals are used as catalysts? | 1.iron is used in the haber process 2.nickel is used in the manufacturing of margarine |
| what is thermal decomposition? | a reaction where a substance is broken into similar substances by heating |
| what is the reaction between a transition metal ion and sodium hydroxide solution called? | a precipitate reaction |
| what can iron be used for? | to make steel which is used to make cars and grinders because it is very strong |
| what is copper used for? | to make electrical wiring as it is a good conductor. it was also used to make brass |
| give 5 properties of metals. | 1.lustrous eg gold(jewellery) 2.hard (high density) 3.High tensile strength 4.High melting and boiling points 5. Good conductors of heat and electricity |
| what type of bonds do metals have? | strong metallic bonds |
| how are these metalic bonds formed? | metal atoms packed so close together that the outer electron shells overlap and form the bond |
| how are metals able to conduct electricity? | because the atoms are very close together and the electrons can move from atom to atom |
| what is a superconductor? | a metal at a very low temperature which has very little resistance |
| what do scientists want to find? | a superconductor that will work at room temperature as very low temps are costly to maintain and impractical for large scale uses |
| what are the 4 main sources of water? | reservoirs 2.lakes 3.rivers 4.aquifiers |
| name 4 things water can contain before it is treated and purified? | 1.insoluble particles 2.pollutants 3.microbes 4.dissolved salts and minerals |
| what charge do electrons have? | negative charge |
| what charge to protons have? | positive charge |
| what charge do neutrons have? | neutral charge |
| what are the 3 main stages of the water treatment process? | sedimentation 2.filtration 3.chlorination |
| what is an isotope? | when a element has the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons |
| what is the atomic number? | the number of protons and the number of electrons an element has |
| what is the mass number? | the number of protons and neutrons added together |
| what is an element? | a substance that cannot be broken down chemically and contains only one type of atom |
| what is a compound? | a substance that contains at least two elements that are chemically combined |
| what is the electronic structure of what electrons occupy which each shell in an atom? | 2, 8, 8 |
| the groups along the top determine | how many electrons the atom has on it's outer shell |
| the groups down the side determine | the amount of shells the atom has |
| the right hand side of the periodic table is the... | non metals |
| the left hand side of the periodic table is the.. | metals |
| the middle of the periodic table is the... | transition elements |
| an ionic bond is... | a bond between a metal and a non metal |
| why are we prevented from distiling our water? | because it takes a lot of energy and the costs are too high |
| in an ionic bond the electrons.. | transfer |
| a covalent bond is a bond between.. | 2 non metals |
| in a covalent bond the electrons are... | shared |
| group 1 elements reactivity goes .... as you go down the periodic table | UP |
| give 3 examples of pollutants that may be found in water. | 1.nitrates from run off fertilisers 2.lead for old pipes and plumbing 3.pesticides from crop spraying |
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