Science Flash Cards

Question	Answer
What is the rule for Gravitational Potential Energy?	mass x gravity x height (m x g x h )
What is the gravity of a falling object?	9.8 m/s2
What is the rule for speed?	distance/time (s = d/t)
What is the rule for Kinetic Energy?	1/2 x mass x velocity2 (KE = 1/2 x m x v2)
What is the rule for acceleration?	a = (v-u)/t (final v - initial v)/time
What is the rule for weight?	weight = mass x gravity (w = m x g)
What is the rule for force?	force = mass x acceleration (F = m x a)
What are some types of energy?	* Thermal/heat * Kinetic * Sound * Chemical * Gravitational Potential Energy * Light * Electrical * Elastic Potential Energy
What is Kinetic Energy (KE)	Kinetic Energy (KE) is the energy that things have when they are moving
What is Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE) ?	Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE) is the stored energy something has when they are lifted above the ground
What is Chemical Energy?	Chemical energy is in food, batteries, atomic/nuclear etc...
What are the rules of Newtons 1st Law?	* needs force to change motion * an object at rest will stay at rest * an object at constant speed will stay at that speed * UNLESS A FORCE ACTS ON THE OBJECT
What are the main points of Newtons 2nd Law?	force = mass x acceleration
Definition of Newtons 3rd Law?	for every action force, there is an equal and opposite reaction force.
What are some examples of Newtons 3rd Law?	* Physics cat is resting on the couch - she applies a force downwards, so the couch applies an equal sized force in the opposite direction back on physics cat * Canoeing or rowing - you paddle backwards to move forwards
What is mass?	Mass is the amount of matter in the object
What is weight?	Weight is the force that results from gravity acting on the object
Example of weight?	On the moon, things do not feel as heavy because there is no gravity , therefore an Elephant and an Ant will weigh less
Example of mass?	In space there is no gravity, therefore an Elephant and an Ant will weigh nothing, they will be weightless. However, their masses will still be vastly different.
What is the units of weight?	Units of weight are in Newtons (N) because weight is a force
What are the units of mass?	The units of mass are in kilograms (kg)
Main points of Kinetic Energy (KE)	* The energy of a moving object is called kinetic energy * KE = 1/2 mv2 * M = mass of object (kg) * V = velocity (m/s) * KE - Kinetic Energy
Main Points of Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE)	Gravitational Potential Energy is the energy that is stored in an object because it is above the ground. As it is above the ground, it has the potential to start moving towards the Earth due to gravity. i.e. if I hold a ball above the ground, it has gravitational potential energy because the ball will fall. (i.e. have kinetic energy) if I let it go!
Main Rules of Gravitational Potential Energy?	* GPE = m x g x h * m = mass (kg) * g = acceleration due to gravity (9.8m/s2) * h = height (m) * GPE = gravitational potential energy (J)
Potential Energy ?	* Potential energy is energy that is stored in an object and is able to be converted into another form * E.g Energy that is stored in food is chemical potential energy. When you eat the food your body is able to convert that stored energy into other forms of your body *
Forces in a structure	* Compression is when an applied force squishes the object so that it is shorter in length than it was to start with
Main points of efficiency	* Some energy is 'lost' as heat and sound each time a ball bounces * if this was not the case, a ball would keep bouncing forever * the efficeincy of an energy conversion is a measure of how much useful energy is produced Efficiency = (useful energy/ total energy) x 100%

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	Created by sophiemadeline about 10 years ago