American revolution

Question	Answer
How did great Britain try to keep the peace between the native Americans and the colonists	By drawing a line along the Appalachain mountains.
What was required from traders if they wanted to trade with the Indians	A license
The colonies believed that Great Britain was using the conflict with Native Americans as an excuse to keep the colonists near the coastline where they could be easier control T/F	True
Proclamation of 1763 did what ?	forbade colonial settlement and trade west of the Appalachian Mountains.
Great Britain used the conflict between the colonists and the Indians to ?	to keep colonists near the coastline to maintain control over the colonists.
The ability to search people’s property when there was suspicion of smuggling or other crime is called?	Writs of assistance.
Writs of Assistance?	The ability to search people’s property when there was suspicion of smuggling or other crime. Gave government broad power.
James Otis	James Otis argued against the legal right of the Writs.
Who claimed that the Writs violated a British Citizen’s rights and therefore unconstitutional	James Otis
Who believed that the American colonies rights as Englishmen had to be protected	James Otis
James Otis would suffer from melancholy in his life T/F	True
What was the sugar act?	a revenue-raising act passed by the British Parliament in April 1764.
What was the sugar act charge	Four pence per gallon
Were New England colonies opposed to the sugar act?	Yes
What were the complaints the colonists have against the sugar act?	They claimed the price of rum would increase. which would hurt N.E. since rum is they're only cash crop.
What is Currency act?	an act that forbid the colonies from using paper money.
What is the Stamp act?	a tax of paper goods. Elected paper items would be required to have the king’s seal. also includes: wills, degrees, newspapers, custom papers, insurance papers, also dice and playing cards
What was James Otis's argument against the stamp act?	Parliament did not have the authority to tax the colonies since the colonies did not have a representative in Parliament, and could not be taxed unless they were given a representative. NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION
What is a direct tax?	a tax for revenue. It was designed to raise money.
The colonies stated that Parliament had the right to tax the colonies to regulate trade what is this right referred as?	Indirect Taxation
How many articles did the Declaration of Rights and Grievances have?	11
What is the Declaration of Rights and Grievances?	a document written to protest to the Stamp Act. States that taxes imposed on British colonists without their formal consent were unconstitutional
Articles 1-8 of the Declaration of Rights and Grievances states?	The colonists had the same rights as Englishmen, colonists had a right to a trial by jury, representation etc.
Articles 9-11 of the Declaration of Rights and Grievances states?	The taxes would cause economic hardship on the colonies. The colonies will not be able to buy British goods.
What was the strategy of non importation?	This strategy involved the refusal to buy British goods. By refusing to buy British goods the colonies were trying to show the manufacturers the hardship the manufacturers themselves will face if the Stamp Act were not repealed.
What is the Declaratory Act ?	rejected the colonial argument about taxes and stated that Parliament “had, hath, and of right ought to have, full power and authority to make laws and statues. . .To bind the colonies and people of America, subject of the Crown of Great Britain, in all cases whatsoever.”
The sugar act and the stamp act both failed to bring more revenue? T/F	True
Who is Charles Townsend?	heads the British government.
What are the Townsend Duties?	taxes placed on items such as lead, glass, paint and tea
Revenue from the colonies (Townsend Duties) would go to pay colonial officials appointed by the Crown, making those officials independent from the Colonial assemblies T/F?	True
A Letter From A Farmer in Pennsylvania written by John Adams ?	No it was written by John Dickinson?
Who formed the concept of Committees of correspondence ?	Sam Adams
What were the duties of Committees of Correspondence?	to write to other members in other colonies to inform them what is happening in their colony.
What is the Boston Massacre?	British Army soldiers shot and killed several people while under attack by a mob
The phrase Blood Work on King Street is referring to ?	The Boston Massacre
Who were put on trial for the Boston massacre?	The soldiers. only two were convicted of manslaughter
The Tea act nullified the the navigation act T/F	True
The Tea act allows which company to sell its surplus of tea too N.E.	The British East India Company
Where were the tea shipments allowed to go?	New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Charleston
Why did the Tea Party take place in Boston?	because it was the first port that received the tea
Under custom law once a ship arrives in port it has how many days to claim its cargo and to pay the duty on it.	20 days
What would happen to ship cargo if the duty wasn't paid?	Cargo would be seized. Except if overruled by the governor
When did the tea party take place?	December 16, 1773
Why did the Tea Party take place?	because the colonist did not want to pay taxes on British Tea
What was the effect of the Boston Tea Party?	The British passed the Intolerable acts
What were the Intolerable acts?	Acts designed to punish the colonies for what they did in the tea party
What was the Continental Congress?	convention of delegates called together from the Thirteen Colonies to organize colonial resistance to Parliament's Coercive Acts.
Who attend the Continental Congress?	all the colonies except Georgia.
When did the continental Congress take place?	September 5, 1774
Name the members of the continental congress	Samuel Adams, John Adams, John Hancock, John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, James Madison, Patrick Henry and George Washington
Why did Thomas Paine write common sense?	to convince Americans that Independence is the proper course for them to take
Common Sense states?	that its illogical and not natural that an Island rule a Continent, and that One Man rule and the rest be subjects
What is the purpose the declaration of independence?	to announce our independence to the country, to Great Britain and to the world. Recognizing the U.S. as a sovereign country.
Who wrote the declaration of independence?	Thomas Jefferson
What were the advantages the U.S. had in the war	The United States was fighting for a cause. That cause was independence. The United States has to hold on to win. Great Britain has to conquer. This is why Washington does not want to risk his army. Fight again another day. The United States can hope that after time England would get tired and give up. United States knew the territory that they were fighting on. War was not popular in England English instructions have to cross the Atlantic Ocean Foreign aid– mostly from France
What were the assumptions the British had about the war	A clear cut victory is all that was needed. War will be short War will be fought using conventional methods. The idea is if you gain control of the cities you win the war. However the country is too big and too rural. There are more misconceptions by the British than assumptions.
What is the treaty of alliance?	a defensive alliance between France and the United States of America which promised mutual military support in case fighting should break out between French and British forces.
The Treaty of alliance also included?	That The united States will receive any territory that they can win in Canada and Bermuda The French would receive the British West Indies sugar islands.
What is the Treaty of Aranjuez?	signed on 12 April 1779 between France and Spain. France agreed to aid in the capture of Gibraltar, the Floridas (East and West Florida), and the island of Menorca. In return, the Spanish agreed to join in France’s war against Great Britain
What is the purpose of the bill of rights?	to protect an individual rights from the National Government.
Treaty of Alliance	a defensive alliance between France and the United States of America, formed in the midst of the American Revolutionary War, which promised mutual military support in case fighting should break out between French and British forces, as the result signing the previously concluded Treaty of Amity and Commerce.
Hamilton’s financial program	The national government should pay off its debts to foreign countries. If not no one will loan the U.S. money
John Adams	the second president of the United States. has problems with the cabinet as members have their loyalty to Washington or to Hamilton who was one of Washington’s closest advisers
BELIEFS OF THE DEMOCRATIC-REPUBLICAN PARTY	Thomas Jefferson Government should promote farming and small businesses Average person should run the government Believed in giving the vote to the many Common Man Believed in strong state government and weak national government Large national government leads to corruption Freedom of Speech and Press Strict constructionist Favored France in Foreign Affairs
BELIEFS OF THE FEDERALIST PARTY	Alexander Hamilton, John Adams Government should promote Industry and trade Government should be run by the wealthy because they were the best educated and that they wanted stability and order Elitist Believed in giving the vote to a few Believed in a strng national government and a week state government. Society is more important than the individual There should be limits on freedoms of speech and press Broad or Loose constructionist Favored England in foreign affairs
Alien and Sedition Acts	A series of laws that were passed by the Federalist Congress in 1798 and signed into law by President Adams. These laws included new powers to deport foreigners as well as making it harder for new immigrants to vote
Name the four bills of the Alien and sedition acts	Naturalization Act Alien Act Enemy Aliens Act Sedition Act
Sedition Act	Declared any anti-government activity including the publication of any false, scandalous and malicious writings illegal. Those found guilty would receive 5 years imprisonment and 5,000 fine. There will be 10 convictions of this crime, mostly editors of Democratic newspapers.
Naturalization Act	Act-Before becoming a citizen a alien had to be a resident of the nation for 14 years instead of 5.
Alien Act	Authorizes the President of the United States to deport any potentially dangerous or treasonable aliens during peacetime.
Enemy Aliens Act	Act-Allows for the wartime arrests, detentions, imprisonments, banishments of any alien subject to any enemy power
Washington’s Farewell Address	Address warning the country of sectional differences– all parts of the country NEED the other parts of the country for their prosperity Warns of the growth of Partisan politics Warns of making entangling alliances. He is not opposed to making treaties but the foreign policy of the United States should always centered on what is the best interests of the United States.
Marbury v. Madison	Marbury appointed for a new position by congress but Madison the secretary of state refused to give Marbury the job. Marbury takes his case to court.
Louisiana Purchase	The Louisiana Purchase of 1803 brought into the United States about 828,000,000 square miles of territory from France, thereby doubling the size of the young republic
Who was Tecumseh?	one of two of the Shawnee brothers who started a Native American movement designed to stop the United States from expanding and to save their cultures. He was the military leader.
Tecumseh and Tenskwatawa movement demanded?	They called for a rejection of the white man’s society. They called for no intermarriages, no buying of alcohol, no selling of land, no trading. The only good that could be purchased and it would be bought from the British was guns and ammunition. Guns were needed to protect themselves.
What were the reasons for the War of 1812?	Great Britain aiding the Native Americans Impressment Neutral rights Desire for territory
Articles of Confederation	this document, the nations first constitution, was adopted by the second continental congress in 1781during the revolution. the document was limited because states held most of the power, and congress lacked the power to tax, regulate trade, or control coinage ratified in 1781
What was the Constitutional Convention?	The Constitutional Convention took place from May 14 to September 17, 1787, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The point of the event was decide how America was going to be governed.
What was the Great Compromise?	was an agreement that large and small states reached during the Constitutional Convention of 1787 that in part defined the legislative structure and representation that each state would have under the United States Constitution.
Federalists supported the constitution T/F ?	True
What is the constitution	The Constitution was really a series of compromises from the Great Compromise to the 3/5 Compromise to the responsibilities of the Congress, President and the Supreme Court
What was the main purpose of Madison’s Federalist's Paper	was to explain the newly proposed constitution (we had a first constitution called The Articles of Confederation) to the people of New York in the hopes of encouraging them to ratify the new constitution in the upcoming ratifying convention.
The Gaspee	A British ship that was assigned to enforce the navigation act in and around Newport RI. was burned down near Warwick RI.
Battle of Tippecanoe	Harrison and about 1000 men attack the Natives in a battle that actually ends in a tie. However, the US newspaper call it a great American victory
What was the impact of the War of 1812?	-increased nationalism -western expansion -decreased Indian threat -new relationship with British -end of Federalists & beginning of one-party govn't for two decades.
What did the War of 1812 prove to the British?	The Americans were better than the "best army in the world

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