Chapter 11 - Development of the Self-Concept

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Psychology (Child Development) Flashcards on Chapter 11 - Development of the Self-Concept, created by Naomi Nakasone on 31/03/2018.
Naomi Nakasone
Flashcards by Naomi Nakasone, updated more than 1 year ago
Naomi Nakasone
Created by Naomi Nakasone over 6 years ago
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Question Answer
social cognition thinking people display about the thoughts, feelings, motives, and behaviors of themselves and other people
proprioceptive feedback sensory information from the muscles, tendons, and joints that helps one to locate the position of one's body (or body parts) in space
personal agency recognition that one can be the cause of an event
self-concept one's perceptions of one's unique attributes or traits
extended self a more mature self-representation, emerging between ages 3 1/2 and 5 years, in which children are able to integrate past, current, and unknown future self-representations into a notion of a "self" that endures over time
false self-behavior acting in ways that do not reflect one's true self or the "true me"
categorical self a person's classification of the self along socially significant dimensions such as age and sex
self-esteem one's evaluation of one's worth as a person based on an assessment of the qualities that make up the self-concept
achievement motivation a willingness to strive to succeed at challenging tasks and to meet high standards of accomplishment
mastery motivation an inborn motive to explore, understand, and control one's environment
achievement attributions causal explanations that one provides for his or her successes and failures
achievement expectancies how well (or poorly) one expects to perform should he or she try to achieve a particular objective
incremental view of ability a belief that one's ability can be improved through increases effort and practice
entity view of ability a belief that one's ability is a highly stable trait that is not influenced much by effort or practice
mastery orientation a tendency to persist at challenging tasks because of a belief that one has high ability and/or that earlier failures can be overcome by trying harder
learned-helplessness orientation a tendency to give up or to stop trying after failing because these failures have been attributed to a lack of ability that one can do little about
attribution retaining therapeutic intervention in which helpless children are persuaded to attribute failures to their lack of effort rather than a lack of ability
person praise praise focusing on desirable personality traits such as intelligence; this praise fosters performance foals in achievement contexts
performance goal a state of affairs in which one's primary objective in an achievement context is to display one's competencies (or to avoid looking incompetent)
process-oriented praise praise of effort expended to formulate good ideas and effective problem-solving strategies; this praise fosters learning foals in achievement contexts
learning goals a state of affairs in which one's primary objective in an achievemtn context is to increase one's skills or abilities
identity a mature self-definition; a sense of who one is, where one is going in life, and how one fits into society
identity crisis Erikson's term for the uncertainty and discomfort that adolescents experience when they became confused about their present and future riles in life
identity diffusion an identity status characterizing individuals who are not questioning who they are and have not yet committed themselves to an identity
identity foreclosure an identity status characterizing individuals who have prematurely committed themselves to occupations or ideologies without really thinking about these commitments
identity moratorium an identity status characterizing individuals who are currently experiencing an identity crisis and are actively exploring occupational and ideological positions in which to invest themselves
identity attachment an identity status characterizing individuals who have carefully considered identity issues and have made firm commitments to an occupation and ideologies
behavioral comparisons phase the tendency to form impressions of others by comparing and contrasting their overt behaviors
psychological constructs phase the tendency to base one's impressions of others on the stable traits these individuals are presumed to have
psychological comparisons phase the tendency to form impressions of others by comparing and contrasting these individuals and abstract psychological dimensions
role taking the ability to assume another person's perspective and understand his or her thoughts, feelings, and behavior
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