Created by J yadonknow
over 6 years ago
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Question | Answer |
Function | Gametogenesis |
Internal/external/both | Oviparous -egg Viviparous - birth Ovoviviparous - embryo develops in an egg inside the body |
What determine sex in mammals/birds? | Sex chromosomes XY/ZZ - Male XX/ZW - Female |
Hermaphroditic animals | Simultaneous or Sequential |
Female genitalia anatomy (11) | Ovary fimbriae infundullum ampulla isthmus intramural portion Fundus uterus body cervix vagina |
Ovaries | Endocrine organs Oestrogen Progesterone |
Oogenesis - Stage 1 | Primordial follicles. Enclosed by single layer of flattened follicular/granulosa cells and basal lamina. Stimulated at puberty to 1' follices. |
Stage 2 - 1' follicles unilayered | Oocyte enlargens and fol/gran. cells ^ in size - form cuboidal cells. Oocyte produces Zona Pellucida Glycoproteins important in binding spermatozoa produced |
Stage 2 - 1' Follicle multilayered | Fol/gran cells ^ number/thicc, become stratified Z.P. assembled |
Stage 3 | 2' follicle Follicular fluid-filled spaces coalesce to form a cavity Granulosa cells start producing oestrogen |
Stage 4 - what is formed? | Graafian (4') follicle) Antrum produced - large fluid filled cavity |
What does C. radiata do? | C. radiata surrounds oocyte provides nutrients |
What stimulates the proteolytic activity of ovulation? | Gonadotropin LH |
Where is ovum expelled + picked up? | Entrance of uterine tube |
How do fimbriae facilitate this process? | Vibrate to generate a current |
Corpus luteum | Endocrine function follicular cells release progesterone |
Corpus albicans | Ovarian scar of Conn.T. after C.L. degeneration |
Where does fertilisation usually occur? | Ampulla |
Secretory cells of uterine tube epithelia | Peg cells watery secretions for gamete nourishment Ciliated Cilia beat rate in response to oestrogen |
Cause of ectopic pregnancy | Chlamydia trachomantis |
Ectopic pregnancy | Fertilised egg embeds in uterine tube or peritoneal cavity |
Comparative anatomy | Simplex - one child Duplex - multiple (rodent) Bicornate (pig) Bipartite (sheep/cow) |
Uterine wall anatomy | Para peri/visceral peri/peri Endometrium Myometrium |
Endometrium (3) | epithelial layer Menstrual cycle zygote embeds here |
Myometrium (3) | Interwoven smooth muscle CT-Hormonal response = hypertrophy/hyperplasia during pregnancy |
Diagram | Para/peri/myo/endo -> stratum basalis/functionalis |
Endocervix | Simple columnar cells Crypts mucus secreting cells (oestrogen decreases viscosity) |
Ectocervix | S.S. Non-K. E |
Transformation zone | dysplasia - precancerous epithelial changes - associated with HPV |
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