13275524
Description
Flashcards by J yadonknow, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by J yadonknow
almost 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Position of heart | Between lungs in mediastinum |
| Why left lung smaller | Heart bulges into it |
| Subdivisions (7) | Fibrous pericardium Serous pericardium: parietal layer (Epicardium) visceral layer pericardial cavity Cavity of heart |
| Serous pericardium function | Facilitates movement w/ lubricating pericardial fluid |
| Fibrous pericardium function | Prevents over-expansion |
| Congestive heart failure | As heart weakens, must grow thicker to gen high pressure May get too thick to allow sufficient expansion, max growth restricted by pericardium Doesn't pump enough blood, so tissue signals heart to pump more gets thicker, only space to expand is inwards, blood flow gets smaller etc. |
| Diagram of heart | Pulmonary artery Aorta Vena cava Pulmonary trunk Right atrium Right ventricle Left ventricle |
| Blood flow sequence | LV -> Aorta -> Sup/inf VC -> RA -> RV -> PT -> PA -> Lungs -> PV -> LA -> LV |
| Red coronary arteries | Arteries feeding heart wall - just above SLV in aorta |
| Blue coronary vessels | Veins draining heart wall - enter RV via IVC |
| Connections in coronary arteries | anastomosis, few |
| Cell junctions in cardiomyocytes | cells linked via intercalated discs adherens junctions link actin desomosomes link intermediate filaments |
| Why atria thin walled? | Don't have to pump blood far |
| SVC/IVC blood supply | Thorax/arms/head Lower body parts/walls of heart |
| Valve btw. LA+LV | Bicuspid |
| Valve btw. RA/V | Tricuspid |
| Valve btw. RV/PT | Semi-lunar - pulmonary |
| Function of SLV | prevent backflow of blood from PT/Aorta during ventricular diastole |
| Where do SLV attach and how? | To papillary muscles via Chorda tendinae |
| Function of papillary muscles+chorda tendinae | Prevent valves from being blown other way and causing backflow |
| What is remarkable about the aortic SLV? | Only ventricle to fill when heart is relaxed |
| Histology of the heart | Endocardium Myocardium Epicardium |
| Endocardium structure | trabeculae carnae |
| Myocardium | striated, myogenic, invol. |
| Epicardium | connt. + muscle fibres |
| Foetal circulation | Foreman ovale bypasses lungs Ductus arteriolus btw. Aorta+PT O2 provided by placenta |
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