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Description
Flashcards by Natasha Gidluck, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Natasha Gidluck
over 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Equilibrium | When the rate of forward reaction is the same as the rate of reverse reaction. The amounts of substances do not need to be equal. |
| Collision-Reaction Theory | 1) Things must collide to react 2) Must be oriented in ways where bonds are able to be broken or formed 3) The reaction must overcome the activation energy |
| Entities | Any substance that is able to react. |
| Chemical Equilibrium | Can have substances with the same or different states, is an actual chemical reaction taking place and it is in equilibrium when it appears to run out of reactants. |
| Physical Equilibrium | Not a chemical reaction, only a change in state. It has reached equilibrium when it looks like it is in one state. |
| Conditions Applying to Systems at Equilibrium | 1) The rate of forward reaction is the same as the reverse 2) There is no change and the reaction looks done 3) The reaction takes place within a closed system 4) The system starts with either reactants or products |
| Equilibrium Law | A value of the equilibrium constant for forward reactions that uses substances in only aqueous or gaseous states. |
| LeChatelier's Principle | Systems that enter equilibrium want to stay in in equilibrium. If systems are stressed, they will work their way back to equilibrium. This depends on the type of stress and the type of system. |
| Factors that Affect Equilibrium | The nature of substances (polarity, structure, electronegativity, etc.) Temperature changes Pressure changes Concentration changes Surface Area changes |
| Volume and Pressure | Adding things will increase the pressure, as well as if the volume is decreased. The system will shift to the side with fewer moles, so that there is more space. Vice versa is also true. |
| Temperature | If the reaction is endothermic, and there is an increase in energy, there is an increase in reactants. The system will then produce more products. If the reaction is endothermic, and there is an increase in energy, there is an increase in products. The system will then produce more reactants. |
| Concentration | The system will want to use up whatever is added or will shift to replace whatever has been lost. |
| Catalysts | Do not affect the equilibrium constant but will achieve equilibrium faster. |
| RICE Tables | Reaction Initial Concentration Change in Concentration Equilibrium Concentration |
| Percent Yield |
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