1369533
Description
Flashcards by jamiec2119, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by jamiec2119
about 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What are the two main layers of the Cutaneous Membrane? | Epidermis and Dermis |
| What are the 4 types of cells that are found in the Epidermis? | Keratinocytes, Melanocytes, Langerhans and Merkel Cells |
| Keratinocytes (Epidermis of the Cutaneous Membrane) | These cells are responsible for the skin thickening and toughening. They contain keratin that makes the skin somewhat water resistant. |
| Melanocytes | They contain melanin which is the reason why different people have different skin pigmentation. The different skin pigmentation also helps with the different levels of protection against UV radiation |
| Merkel Cells | They function like sensory neurons when they get stimulated since they help with sensations |
| Langerhans Cells | These large nucleated cells are bigger than macrophages and help the immune system by fighting against foreign bodies |
| Stratum Corneum | The upper most layer that also has the most dead cells |
| Stratum Lucidum | This layer is only found in thick skin like the soles of a persons foot and has epidermal ridges on it |
| Stratum Granulosum | This layer produces lamella granules, helps make the skin stronger and produces keratin as a water repellent. Apoptosis (Natural cell death) begins in the granulosum, the cells are partly dead in this layer and accumulate on the stratum corneum when completely dead. |
| Stratum Spinosum | This layer has keratinocytes |
| Stratum Germinativum | This layer is also know as the Basale |
| Dermis | It is below the epidermis and attached to the subcutaneous tissue. The Dermis is composed of connective tissue and contains sensory neurons and has capillaries that supply nutrients to epidermis. |
| Subcutaneous Layer | It is also called the hypodermis and superficial fascia and it stabilizes position of skin relative to underlying tissues. It has a loose connective tissue that stores fat which influences body shape. The distribution of subcutaneous fat differs between sexes. |
| What are the Accessory Structures | Hair, Nails, Exocrine Glands |
| Hair | Hair grows out of the follicle from root to shaft. The follicles are found within the SC tissue and dermis. Hairs provide sensory input, protect ears from foreign material, protect the scalp from UV damage |
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