14102278
Description
Flashcards by Venisha Moothia, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Venisha Moothia
over 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Why is the behaviourist approach focus on observable and measurable behaviour only? | - Instrospection was rejected by behaviourists as the concept was vague and difficult to measure |
| What is the benefit of using lab experiments | - mentains more control and objectivity within their research |
| What type of participants do they use? And why do they believe this is beneficial for humans | They use animals. AKA (rats, cats, dogs and pigeons) - They believe that animals can replace humans as experimental objects, as LEARNING IS THE SAME WITHIN ALL SPECIES |
| Pavlovs research | - |
| What was his aim? (What is conditioning) | How species could be conditioned by learning through association ( Learning through association) |
| What was conditioned and what did he use | Conditioned dogs to salivate when a bell ring |
| Explain this using classical conditioning | UCS > UCR (food > salivation) NS > NO RESPONSE (Bell > No response) UCS + NS > UCR (Food + Bell > Salivation) CS > CR (Bell > Salivation) |
| What did Pavlov show about a neutral stimulus | It can come to elict (obtain) a new learned response (conditioned response) through association |
| What is operant conditioning | Learning is an active process whereby humans and animals operate on their environment ( The way they behave towards the environment |
| What is the behaviour shaped and mentained by | its consequences |
| Describe Skinners research | Rats and pigeons are (boxes) - rat pressed the lever/ pigeon pecked disk rewarded with food - led to repeated behaviour if they received food - If pressing lever meant avoiding electric shock than it would be repeated |
| What are the three types of consequence behaviour | - positive reinforcement -negative reinforcement -Punishment |
| What is positive reinforcement | Receiving an award when behaviour is repeated |
| What is negative reinforcement | when an animal or human produces a behaviour that avoids something unpleasant |
| What is negati |
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