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Description
Flashcards by Caitlin French, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Caitlin French
over 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Taste Buds | 1. Fungiform = mushroom shaped, tip and sides of tongue (5 TASTE BUDS EACH) 2. Foliate = V-shaped on sides of tongue post. 3. Circumvallate = large, circular buds in V-shape on back of tongue, least numerous (100 TASTE BUDS ON EACH) 4. Filiform - provide friction, no taste buds! |
| Taste Sensations | 1. Sweet = sugars/alcohol 2. Salt = metal ions 3. Sour = acids - hydrogen ions 4. Bitter = nicotine/coffee 5. Umami = beef taste of steak Most taste buds respond to 2 or more tastes SLIGHT DIFF in location of diff taste receptors |
| Physiology of Taste | Must be; 1. Dissolved in saliva 2. Contact gustatory hairs Salt/Sour = open gated channels, depolarises memb., binds to receptors and releases chemical neurotransmitter Bitter/Sweet/Umami = binds to receptor, activates G protein as second messengers to release chemical neurotransmitter |
| Gustatory Pathway | CN#7, 9 & 10 (Facial, Glossopharyngeal and Vagus) Synapse at solitary nucleus of medulla and travels to thalamus and then to INSULA.... gustatory cortex for taste and hypothalamus/limbic system for appreciation of taste |
| Olfaction | Basal cells lie at base of epth. Odor passes through mucus, binds to olfactory cilia initiating AP which travels up dendrites of olfactory receptor cell, through cribiform plate of ethmoid bone, synapses at glomeruli which dampens smell and then travels along olfactory tract/nerve to brain |
| Physiology of Smell | Must be; a) volatile b) dissolve in mucus coating olfactory epth. c) bind to receptors on olfactory cilia Binding = G protein messenger, uses cAMP as 2nd messenger, opens Na+ and Ca2+ gated channels, depolarises receptor memb, causing AP |
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