14120249
| Question | Answer |
| Target receptors | Beta1 adrenergic receptors (competitively binds, blocking norepinephrine) - g protein coupled receptor |
| Trade names | Betaloc, Lopresor, Metatar, Metrol, Metoprolol |
| Therapeutic class | Antianginal and Antihypertensive |
| Pharmacological class | Selective beta1 blocker |
| Indications | ● Mild to severe hypertension ● Angina pectoris ● Myocardial infarction ● Cardiac arrythmias ● Heart failure |
| Action | Competitively inhibit beta-adrenoceptors (sympathetic nervous system), thereby reducing some of the body’s response to adrenaline (epinephrine), noradrenaline and isoprenaline |
| Therapeutic effects | ● Decreased BP and heart rate. ● Decreased frequency of attacks of angina pectoris. Decreased rate of cardiovascular mortality and hospitalization in patients with heart failure. |
| Contraindications/precautions | Individuals hypersensitive to drug or other beta blockers. Sinus bradycardia, heart block greater than first degree, cardiogenic shock or overt cardiac failure When used to treat MI, individuals with heart rate less than 45 beats per minute, second or third-degree heart block, systolic blood pressure less than 100mmHg or moderate to severe cardiac failure |
| Adverse reactions | CNS: fatigue, dizziness, depression CV: bradycardia, hypotension, heart failure, AV block GI: nausea, diarrhoea Respiratory: dyspnoea, bronchospasm Skin: rash |
| Assessments | BP HR Cardiac Monitor for effectiveness |
| Patient education | Instruct patient to take drug at meals and to keep taking it exactly as prescribed. Advise not to stop drug suddenly but to notify prescriber if unpleasant adverse reactions occur. Emphasize that drug must be withdrawn gradually over 1 to 2 weeks |
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