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Flashcards by Sayujya Grover, updated more than 1 year ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What were the 4 main points to remember from the Geneva Accords 1954? | 1. Communist North - new PM Diem in South 2. French withdrawal from North and Vietminh from South 3. Democratic elections in two years 4. No military alliances with foreign powers |
| What was Eisenhower's reaction to the Geneva Conference? | Conference not viewed as success Viewed the prospect of 1956 elections with distrust, assumed Ho would win |
| How did Diem rule the South? | Dictatorial Manner Support from rich Catholic minority who exploited Buddhist peasant majority No land reforms, rents high, food scarce |
| Why did Diem remain unpopular, despite the huge amounts of aid from U.S? | Ignored US advice to reform Vietnam Disliked meeting 'normal' people Laws passed targeting communists but were used against any critics of his regime Alienated rural peasants |
| What was the 'Formosa Resolution'? | Gave almost unlimited power to US forces in a certain area of the world = a clear extension of presidential power Gained approval from congress in Jan 1955 to deploy troops in Taiwan |
| What was the situation with China and Taiwan in 1958? | Problems resurfaced - Chiang increased size of army - China retaliated = bombarded Quemoy US sent ships US made clear to Chiang they would not support him if he provoked China in future |
| Eisenhower's administration believed in the 'domino theory', what was this? | If Indo-China fell to communism, whole of South-east Asia would be threatened which threatens the economic & military security of Japan too |
| How did the election of Eisenhower help bring the Korean War to an end? | Reputation = Supreme commander of allied forces in WW2 which made his threats believable: Threatened to use nuclear weapons and involve Chiang |
| What was the U.S public opinion of the Korean War by the time of Eisenhower's election? | Increasingly anti-war Unwise Europe seen as more important Treasury Secretary made clear that it was economically important to end involvement |
| What was the attitude of the Chinese like at the end of the Korean War? | War beginning to cost a great deal Keen to focus on domestic issues War was accounting for nearly half their entire budget |
| When was the armistice signed for the Korean War? | 16th June 1953 |
| What was the impact of the Korean War on America? | Human cost = less than others but for 'police action' it was surprisingly high Military expenditure inc. from 4% to 14% of GNP Strengthened anti-communist paranoia CIA expanded rapidly Increased the credibility of UN |
| Why is the Emmett Till case significant? | Two white men tortured and murdered Till for 'wolf-whistling' at a white woman (who has since retracted her claim) Eisenhower made no comment The men were arrested but released Galvanized the civil rights movement |
| What happened to McCarthy under Eisenhower? | Republicans encouraged McCarthy and used him to attack the Democrats Eisenhower ignored him hoping he'd fade away McCarthy soon faded from public view - more outrageous accusations 'red scare' came to end by 1954 |
| What was Eisenhower's political philosophy? | Moderate New Brand of Republicanism 'dynamic conservatism' 'conservative with money, liberal with human beings' |
| Why did Eisenhower win the 1952 Presidential Election? | Both Repub. & Demo. considered him as candidate Personal popularity - major part of campaign Utilized TV = adverts focused on honesty & integrity (contrast to Demo. in financial corruption scandal) Stance on Korean War |
| Why was Nixon a perfect vice-presidential candidate? | Experienced politician Good balance to Ike's non-political background anti-communist crusader |
| What was the significance of the Suez Canal Crisis 1956? | Britain & France weakened in terms of influence America looked like peacekeepers Viability of European power in Middle East questioned Lead to Eisenhower Doctrine |
| What happened with Hungary in 1956? | Khrushchev = 'destalinization' CIA broadcasts suggested Hungarians would gain US support Revolt spread - Nagy - talking of leaving Warsaw Pact Eisenhower = sympathizing speech but didn't get involved but accepted 25,000 refugees USSR - crushed revolt, killed 30,000 Hungarians |
| What was the significance of Little Rock 1957? | TV helped spread the image of African-American children being racially abused by white adults = influenced moderate opinion Showed black community had to be more pro-active - Supreme Court decisions not enough |
| When were Little Rock's schools fully integrated? | Not until 1972 |
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