1416924
Description
Flashcards by victoirespongecake21, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by victoirespongecake21
about 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is this? | Diffusion |
| What is osmosis? | Diffusion of water from a dilute to a concentrated solution through a PPM that allows passage of water mlocules. |
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What is this?
Image:
active-transport (image/jpg)
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Active Transport |
| How would you make an exchange surface more effective in humans? |
> Having a large surface area
> Being thin to provide a short diffusion path
Image:
villi.gif (image/gif)
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| What do the villi have/do to provide a surface area? | Have an extensive network of capillaries to absorb products of digestion by diffusion and active transport. |
| What is the surface area of the lungs increased by? | The alveoli |
| Why is surface area needed? | To increase the reach to the centre of the cell, as the bigger the cell, the harder it is for fluids to reach from the surface. |
| What is the difference between active transport and diffusion? | Active T > Occurs AGAINST concentration gradient > Requires energy |
| What is Active Transport? | Substances that are absorbed against a concentration gradient. This enables cells to absorb ions from very dilute solutions. |
| What is Diffusion? | The net movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration through a PPM. This is towards to concentration gradient. |
| When we breathe in, which way does our inside torso structure move? | Our ribcage expands up and out and our diaphragm flattens. This is ventilation. |
| Why do we breathe? | So that oxygen from the air can diffuse into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide can diffuse out of it and into the air. |
| Give three features of alveoli that allow large amounts of oxygen to enter the blood. | > Large surface area > Thin walls to allow shorter diffusion path > Sufficient blood supply |
| In plants, which way does CO2 enter foliage? | Diffusion |
| What absorbs water and mineral ions in plants? | Roots |
| What is the surface area of roots increased by? | Root hairs |
| What is the surface area of the leaves increased by? | Flattened space and internal air spaces |
| Why do plants have a stomata? | To obtain CO2 from the atmosphere and remove O2 produced in photosynthesis. |
| What is transpiration? | Evaporation and water vapour loss from the surface of the leaf. |
| Where does most of the loss of water vapour take place? | The stomata |
| Evaporation is more rapid in which conditions? | > Hot > Windy > Dry |
| How does the stomata prevent the leaf from dehydrating? | If the plant loses more water than is replaced, the stomata closes to prevent wilting. |
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