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Description
Flashcards by Margarita Ku, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Margarita Ku
almost 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What are the two main Greek Orders, and how do they affect the design and proportions of a Greek temple? | Ionic: feminine, delicate, slender, decorative, columns appear non weight bearing, forest of columns Doric: masculine, muscular, stout, simple, non decorative, columns appear to bear a lot of weight, only one row of columns |
| Describe the transition from the archaic to the Classic Greek temple, using specific examples. | - Instead of creating a new form, they perfected an established form Ex: Archaic temple- Basilica [Temple of Hera] (Paestum, Italy) - More clumsy parts and proportions Ex: Classic temple- Temple of Poseidon [Temple of Hera 2] (Paestum, Italy) - Classic perfection of form, proportions, and balance |
| What was the growth pattern of the polis of Athens, and what were its major parts? | - Additive growth created irregular overall pattern of the old poleis - Organic growth patterns took into account existing buildings & landscape |
| Greek temple plans evolve from long narrow structures to a more balanced proportion of length & width and clarification of cult image from the cella entrance | |
| First Temple of Hera (Samos, Greece) - Ionic order - Long narrow structure with row of interior wood columns, wood peristyle, plaster rubble walls - Temple as a house of the deity | |
| Second Temple of Hera (Samos, Greece) - Long narrow structure with columns on the side so you can see the cella - Added more rows of columns - Sits inside a sacred precinct - Long stoa, used for markets, forms a backdrop - High, pitched, thatched roof - Turned at an angle from the entrance so its is seen in three dimensions | |
| Third Temple of Hera (Samos, Greece) Dipteral plan made a forest of columns and spacial depth | |
| Basilica [Temple of Hera] (Paestum, Italy) - Archaic temple - More clumsy parts and proportions | |
| Temple of Poseidon (Paestum, Italy) - Classic temple - Perfection of form, proportions, and balance | |
| Sanctuary of Zeus (Greece) - Altar was a pile of burnt offerings, that developed into a sacred enclosure - A sanctuary wall developed with city treasuries and other buildings added in an informal grouping | |
| Sanctuary of Apollo (Delphi, Greece) - Irregular organic development in which each new addition responds to existing patterns created by previous construction and the physical environment - organic development using primarily rectilinear forms - This was the common site planning approach during the Classic Period. | |
| Akropolis (Athens, Greece) - Where important temples located - God above, people below - Where the Mycenaean citadel once was - Irregularity of composition makes use of natural features of the land - defensive place that the people could flee to when under attack - Placement of main structures to present them as mid-space objects | |
| Parthenon (Athens, Greece) - Doric temple, with Ionic elements incorporated - Curved base, to accentuate rising up - Columns were not evenly spaced, to emphasize power and the effect of carrying a load | |
| Erechtheion (Athens, Greece) - Various sanctuaries (Athena, Boutes (Erechtheion's brother), Hephaestus, Erechtheus-Poseidon, Poseidon) - had to incorporate many ancient cults & sacred sites, leading to its complex form |
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