15559877
Description
Flashcards by Ella Stokes, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Ella Stokes
about 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is Myers definition of conformity? | A change in behaviour or belief as a result of real or imagined group pressure (Myers 1999). -shows people will go along with others not because they are told to but because they feel they need to follow group "norm" |
| How did psychologists explore conformity in the early 1930s? | They asked people to estimate how many beans were in a jar. People were asked to guess the number of beans and were then asked to discuss this with others. Once asked again the estimates were much closer together. |
| What was the Asch (1951) Study method? | -wanted to find out if people conform even if the task is easy -123 college students had to say which of the three alternative lines matched the standard line -tested in small groups only 1 real naive participant all the others were confederates and real participant always sat towards end of row -18 tasks and for 12 confederates gave same wrong answer |
| What were the findings of the Asch study? | -average conformity rate of 37% -on average 74% of participants conformed at least once -26% never conformed to answers given |
| What conclusion was come to after the Asch study? | -People will conform even in simple tasks and go along with others in the group even if it means denying what they see themselves. 3 main reasons for this; participants came to see lines as confederates did,did not trust there own judgement or trusted public answer to avoid disapproval |
| Name a methodological strength of the Asch study? | It was a well controlled investigation meaning extraneous variables were kept to a minimum.. means results obtained were more reliable and trustworthy (scientific) |
| Name a methodological weakness of the Asch study? | lack of ecological validity- controlled studies tend to be artificial and unrelated to everyday life-not a real life conformity situation |
| Name a methodological weakness of the Asch study? | unrepresentative sample- made up of American University male so this means that the result should not be generalised to other people beyond those in the sample |
| Name a Ethical strength of the Asch study? | People knew they were taking part in the study and had given consent |
| Name a Ethical weakness of the Asch study? | Deception and Anxiety- Participants did not know what the studies were actually about so they may have experienced these things |
| What was a major criticism of the Asch study? | His use of confederates- they may not have behaved in a natural manor so the real participant may have realised what was going on |
| How did Mori annd Arai solve these criticisms? | Adapted the Mori technique ( Manipulation of overlapping rivalrous images by polarizing filters) used previously in eyewitness research. They used filter glasses so participants view the same display but can see different things |
| What was the method for the mori and arai (2010) experiment ? | Replicated Aschs line comparison task with 104 participants tested in groups of 4 at a time( on successive trials participants said aloud which line matched). 3 participants had the same glasses one had different so there were no longer confederates. Participants were also given a questionnaire to complete so researchers could see the factors that made them conform |
| What were the findings for the mori and arai (2010) experiment ? | This study involved both men and women.. women-the new findings closely matched the original research, with the minority participant being influenced by the majority on average of 4.41 times out of 12(original 3.44 times) men- were not affected by majority view and conformity rates were very low |
| What are the possible reasons for men not conforming? | cultural difference-study conducted in Japan and generational changes -participants in this study knew eachother whereas in Aschs they didnt |
| Why is mori and arais research seen as more useful? | -conforming behaviour among acquaintances is more important as a psychological research topic than conformity among strangers -conformity generally takes place among friends and family |
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