15990587
Description
Flashcards by Sara. H S., updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Sara. H S.
about 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What are metamorphic rocks? | Rocks formed from intense heat and pressure |
| What is 'shearing'? | When different parts of a rock slide sideways as it metamorphasises |
| What other changes can metamorphism cause to a rock? | 1) Physical changes 2) Folding rocks 3) Chemical changes (e.g. recrystallisation) |
| What is an example of a mineral formed in metamorphic rocks? | The semiprecious gemstone, garnet |
| What are tectonic plates? | Plate tectonics is a scientific theory describing the large-scale motion of seven large plates and the movements of a larger number of smaller plates of the Earth's lithosphere |
| Which plate does Australia lie in? | The Australian Plate |
| What is metamorphism? | The forming of metamorphic rocks |
| What are the three major types of metamorphism? | 1) regional (caused by both heat and pressure and occurs across widespread areas as as result of colliding plates or rocks being buried) 2) contact (mostly caused by heat and is a result of hot magma intruding a rock) 3) dynamic (mostly caused by pressure and occurs in small areas where crustal rocks are scraping past each other) |
| What is foliation? | the movement of minerals into bands and layers |
| What can pressure do to floated rock? | It can crumple and squash it, making the bands wavy |
| What is an example of a non-foliated metamorphic rock? | diamonds |
| How are diamonds formed? | They are formed when the crust sinks 150km into the mantle, where the temperatures can reach over 1000°c. The carbon in the crust is recrystallised as diamond. Diamonds are transported to the surface over many epochs due to fast moving magma. |
| Are diamonds regional, contact or dynamic metamorphic rocks? | Regional |
| Give three examples of foliated metamorphic rock | 1) slate 2) gneiss 3) schist |
| give two examples of non-foliated metamorphic rock | 1) marble 2) quartzite |
| What do scientists use to classify things based on their characteristics? | dichtonomous keys |
| What are dichtonomous keys? | They offer two choices at each stage of the classification process |
| What kinds of criteria exist for the classification of rocks? | Texture, colour, crystal size and clast size |
| How can you contrast the colours of a rock? | Spray water on the rocks then observe closely with a magnifying glass |
| How can you measure the size of crystals and clasts? | Use a magnifying glass if they are quite small and then use a ruler to measure their size |
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