16586100
Description
Flashcards by Charlotte Johnson, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Charlotte Johnson
over 5 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Lawrence Kohlberg | Defined 3 levels of moral development - pre-conventional level (punishment and obedience) - conventional level (inter-personal relationships) - post-conventional level (individualised conscience and feeling of guilt) |
| Sigmund Freud | - described conscience as a 'psychological phenomenon' - distinguished between the id, the the ego and the super-ego - the conscience is an aspect of the super-ego |
| Durkheim | - the conscience is social conditioning - he put forward the idea of a collective conscience (the totality of beliefs of the average citizen) - evolutionary perspective on the conscience |
| Erich Fromm | Distinguished between 2 types of conscience: - authoritarian conscience (the aspect of the conscience that represents the internalised voice of a disapproving society that we are afraid to disobey) - humanistic conscience (the aspect of the conscience that has an intuitive knowledge of what is human and what is inhuman) |
| St Paul | 'a witness to the requirements of the law' |
| St Augustine | 'in whose conscience God does not speak?' |
| St Thomas aquinas | - he believed that the conscience was the voice of God - religious |
| Butler | - |
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