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| Question | Answer |
| What are cells? | Cells are the basic unit of life, which can lead an independant existence. |
| What is a unicellular organism made up of? | One single cell. |
| What is a multicellular organism made up of? | Many cells. |
| What is the ultrastructure of a cell? | Its fine structure as revealed by a microscope. |
| Give the function of the cell membrane/plasma membrane | It controls the movement of molecules into and out of the cell. |
| Give the function of the cell wall. What it is made of? | It stops the cell from bursting and supports it. In plants, it is made up of cellulose, but the cell walls of fungi and bacteria are varied in structure and chemical compositions. |
| Give the function of the nucleus | It controls all cell activities and contains genetic material (DNA). |
| What is the cytoplasm? | The site of chemical reactions. |
| Give the function of mitochondria | They are the sites of aerobic respiration. |
| Give the function of ribosomes | They are the site of protein synthesis. |
| What does the sap vacuole store? What is its function? | The vacuole stores a watery solution of salts and sugars and supports the cell. |
| Give the function of chloroplasts | They are the site of photsynthesis and contain the green pigment chlorophyll. |
| Name the ultrastructure of an animal cell | Cell membrane, nuclues, cytoplasm, mitochondria, and ribosomes. |
| Name the ultrastructure of a plant cell | Cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, chloroplasts, sap vacuole, mitochondria and ribosomes. |
| Name the ultrastructure of a fungal cell | Cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, sap vacuole, mitochondria and ribosomes. |
| Name the ultrastructure of a bacteria cell | Cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, plasmids and ribosomes. |
| What do bacteria cells not contain? | Organelles |
| What do plasmids in bacterial cells do? | They hold some of the genetic material (DNA). |
| What is one mm equal to? | 1000 micrometers. |
| Why are bacterial cells difficult to study compared with plant cells? | Bacteria cells are extremely small compared to plant cells and their structure is more difficult to observe. |
| Describe the similarities and differences in structure of a green plant cell and a bacterial cell | Both have cell walls, genetic material and ribosomes. However, bacteria cells do not have mitochondria, chloroplasts or a nucleus, and are much smaller in size. |
| What is an organelle? | A membrane-bound compartment with a specific function- nuclei, mitochondria and chloroplasts. |
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