1879086
Description
Flashcards by scarlettjaynem, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by scarlettjaynem
almost 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Why are volatile molecules important for flavour? | They are not freed until the cell walls are broken in cooking |
| Name 2 oil-soluble funtional groups | Alkene C=C Phenyl (C6H5) |
| Name 2 water soluble functional groups | Carbonyl C=O l H Ester Link |
| Why do proteins change shape when heated? | Heat breaks intermolecular bonds |
| Functional Group present in Alcohols? | Hydroxl (-OH) |
| What is the difference between primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols? | Primary - No more than one carbon is bonded to that bonded to the OH group Secondary - No more than two (mid chain) "2/3-ol" Tertiary - three "methyl........ 2/3-ol" |
| What is a cycloalkanol? | Secondary alcohols in a ring structure |
| Oxidation of Primary alcohol forms: | an aldehyde and water |
| What is an aldehyde? | Functional group: CHO occuring at the end of the chain Example: ethanAL |
| Oxidation of Aldehyde forms: | Carboxyllic Acid |
| Oxidation of a Secondary alcohol forms: | Ketone |
| What is oxidation? | Loss of Hydrogen or gain of oxygen ina molecule |
| What oxidising agent is used to oxidise primary and secondary alcohols and what colour change is shown? | Acidifies potassium dichromae orange -> green |
| What is a ketone? | Funtional group: CO occurs within chain Example: hexan-3-ONE |
| Benedict's Solution colour change: | Blue -> Red presence of aldehyde |
| Tollen's Reagent colour change: | Silver Mirror forms in presence of aldehyde |
| What are antioxidants? | molecules which prevent oxidation from aking place and instead cause reductions by undergoing oxidation themselves. |
| Give an example of antioxidant | Ascorbic acid Vitamin C Melatonin Beta-carotene |
| Why are antioxidants added to food? | to slow the rate of oxidationa dn extend the shelf lifeof the food. |
| What are free radicals? | atoms or molecuels which contain unpaired electrons and therefore pick up electorons from other atms, converting them into secondary free radicals |
| What are the negative effects of free readicals? | They can break strands of DNA Too many can attack the cell membranes causing tisue damage |
| What is done to stop the effects of free radicals? | Antioxidants provide electrons to free radicals |
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