19450249
Description
Flashcards by Raegan Ferro, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Raegan Ferro
about 5 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Quality Assurance | what we do to get the right answer for our purpose. The answer should have sufficient accuracy and precision to support subsequent decisions. |
| External Standards | solutions of analyte that do not involve the unknown solution |
| use objectives | written statement of how results will be used. |
| Specifications | written statements describing how good analytical results need to be and what precautions are required in an analytical method. |
| selectivity / specificity | capability of an analytical method to distinguish analyte from other species in the sample. |
| sensitivity | capability of responding reliably and measurably to changes in analyte concentration |
| false positive | results say concentration exceeds legal limit but it is actually below the limit |
| false negative | says the concentration is below the limit but |
| method blank | sample containing all components except analyte and goes through all steps of the analytical procedure |
| reagent blank | similar to method blank but not subjected to all sample preparation procedures. complete estimate of the blank contribution to the analytical response |
| field blank | similar to method blank but it has been exposed to the site of sampling |
| matrix | everything in the sample other than the analyte |
| spike / fortification | known quantity of analyte added to a sample to test whether the response to the spike is the same as that expected from a calibration curve. They're analyzed in the same manner as unknowns. |
| calibration check | analysis of a solution formulated by the analyst to contain a known concentration of analyte. analyst own check to see that procedures and instruments are functioning correctly |
| performance test samples / quality control samples / blind samples | in a series of analytical measurements it is inserted to see whether the procedure gives correct results when the analyst does not know the right answer. Not formulated by analyst, to contain known concentration of analyte. |
| standard operating procedures | a written procedure that must be rigorously followed to ensure the quality of chemical analysis |
| assessment | the process of collecting data to show that analytical procedures are operating within specified limits and verifying that final results meet the use objective |
| control chart | a visual representation of confidence intervals for a Gaussian distribution |
| method validation | the process of proving that an analytical method is acceptable for its intended purpose |
| linearity | measures how well a calibration curve follows a straight line, showing response is proportional to the quantity of analyte |
| repeatability | describes the spread in results when one person uses one procedure to analyze the same sample by the same method with the same equipment multiple times |
| reproducibility | describes the spread in results when different people in different labs using different equipment each try to follow the same procedure with the same kind of sample |
| precision | how well replicate measurements agree with one another, usually expressed as a standard deviation or confidence interval |
| range | the concentration interval over with linearity, accuracy and precision are all acceptable |
| linear range | concentration range over which calibration curve is linear |
| dynamic range | concentration range over which there is measurable response |
| detection limit | the concentration of analyte that gives a signal equal to three times the standard deviation of signal form a blank |
| coefficient of variation | the standard deviation divided by the mean, usually expressed as a perentage |
| lower limit of quantitation | smallest amount that can be measured with reasonable accuracy |
| reporting limit | the concentration below which regulations say that a given analyte is reported as "not detected" which means analyte could be below prescribed level |
| robustness | the ability of an analytical method to be unaffected by small, deliberate changes in operating parameters |
| standard addition | known quantities of analyte are added to the unknown |
| matrix effect | a change in the analytical signal caused by anything in the sample other than analyte |
| standard uncertainty | standard deviation of the mean |
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