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Description
Flashcards by Stella FaizBakhsh, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Stella FaizBakhsh
about 5 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Three types of knowledge? | Ability/practical - HOW Acquaintance - OF Proposition - THAT |
| Analytic truth | True in virtue of the meaning of the words |
| Synthetic truth | True in virtue of how the world is |
| Denial of analytic truth vs synthetic truth | Analytic truth: logical contradiction Synthetic truth: no logical contradiction |
| Necessary truths? Contingent truths? | Necessary - must be true therefore analytical Contingent - might not have been true therefore synthetic |
| A Priori knowledge | Knowledge acquired without experience of the external world (thought alone) |
| A Posteriori knowledge | Knowledge ONLY acquired from experience of external world |
| GENERAL belief - relationship of analytical/synthetic truths with a priori/a posteriori knowledge | Most a priori knowledge is knowledge of analytical truths Most a posteriori knowledge is knowledge of synthetic truths |
| Relationship of analytical/synthetic truths with a priori/a posteriori knowledge in RATIONALISM? | Some synthetic truths are a priori |
| Relationship of analytical/synthetic truths with a priori/a posteriori knowledge in KNOWLEDGE EMPIRICISM? | All knowledge of synthetic truths acquired a posteriori |
| Two types of knowledge in Hume's fork? | Relations of ideas (i.e. analytic, a priori) Matters of fact (i.e. synthetic, a posteriori) |
| Did Hume believe in knowledge empiricism or rationalism? | Knowledge empiricism |
| What is a relation of ideas? | either intuitively or demonstratively certain (i.e. an analytical truth) and discoverable by the mere operation of thought, without dependence on what is anywhere existent in the universe (hence known a priori) |
| A similarity between analytic truth and relation of ideas | Both cannot be denied without a logical contradiction |
| What type of truth + knowledge are matters of fact? | Synthetic truth - the contrary of a matter of fact does not create a contradiction A posteriori - require observation to be established |
| Innate knowledge? A priori or a posteriori? | Knowledge one is born with, therefore a priori. |
| Does innatism support rationalism or knowledge empiricism? | Rationalism - synthetic truths and/or analytical truth known a priori |
| Plato's argument for innate knowledge? | Meno's slave not taught geometry, therefore does not know geometry. Socrates draws 2x2ft squares. Socrates asks Meno a series of questions. Leads Meno to realise area is 4 feet, despite having no knowledge of geometry. |
| Three criteria for a proposition? | 1) A justification for the belief. 2) Must be true + correspond to reality. 3) Must be believed. |
| Tripartite definition of knowledge? | Justified, true, believed (JTB) |
| Problems with Tripartite JTB? | Accidental correctness Unreliability of the senses Limitations of reason Infinite regress of justifications |
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