2193843
Description
Flashcards by Stephanie Walker , updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Stephanie Walker
over 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| According to Adler, what is "fictional finalism"? | The imagined goal, or desirable future state, that is determined by a child's worldview and is manifested in lifestyles. |
| What did Adler have to say about dreams? | He claimed that dreaming is an indicator of someone with a mistaken lifestyle; that those with social interest don't dream or, if they do, dream very little. |
| How did Erikson's view of the ego differ from Freud's? | He viewed the ego as being its own entity and that it is a source of self-identity. Freud viewed the ego as merely a servant of the id and the superego. |
| Regarding Erikson's stages of personality, a successful resolution of each results in what? | An ego strength, referred to as a virtue. |
| What virtue results as a successful resolution of Stage 1 (Trust vs. Mistrust)? | The virtue of hope. |
| What virtue results as a successful resolution of Stage 2 (Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt)? | The virtue of will. |
| In Eriksonian terms, how might we define "will"? | A blend of free will and restraint. |
| If the third of Erikson's stages is successful resolved, what virtue results? What is the ritualization? | The resulting virtue is purpose. The ritualization is authenticity, which is developed in part because the parents or parental figures encourage initiative and avoid ridiculing a child's imagination. |
| The fourth stage Erikson laid out corresponds with which of Freud's stages? What ages do both stages involve? | It corresponds with Freud's "latency stage". Children undergo this stage between ages six through eleven. |
| What did Erikson mean when he referred to a "psychosocial moratorium"? | He referred to it as a time in which adolescents are free to explore various possible adult roles without having the obligations that will come with real adulthood. This is instrumental for the successful resolution of Stage 5 (Identity vs. Confusion). |
| Suppose that you are 22 years old and have not successfully navigated through Stage 6 (Intimacy vs. Isolation). According to Erikson, what ritualism would you develop? | Elitism. You are isolated and snobbish with typically superficial relationships and an excessive need for status symbols. |
| If Erikson's seventh stage is resolved, what virtue is developed? What might happen to someone who does not develop this virtue? | The virtue of care is developed. If an individual does not successfully resolve this stage, he or she may be selfish and have no concern in guiding the next generation. |
| What virtue results as a successful resolution of Erikson's Eighth Stage? | The virtue of wisdom. |
| According to Karen Horney, neurotic behavior has its roots in the parent-child relationship as a result of what two needs going unmet? | Satisfaction of basic physiological needs; a sense of safety. |
| How did Horney define the term "basic hostility"? | A state in which a child is caught between feelings of hostility for his or her parents and feelings of dependence. |
| What are the three adjustment patterns for those with basic anxiety? | 1. Moving Toward People 2. Moving Against People 3. Moving Away from People |
| According to Adler, how does an inferiority complex develop? | It develops due to the "felt-minus" being too powerful to be overcome and the individual accepts an exaggerated sense of inferiority as an accurate self-description. |
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