Economics - Unit 4 - Gov. Intervention

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A levels Economics (Module 1: Markets and Market Failure) Flashcards on Economics - Unit 4 - Gov. Intervention, created by Amardeep Kumar on 13/03/2015.
Amardeep Kumar
Flashcards by Amardeep Kumar, updated more than 1 year ago
Amardeep Kumar
Created by Amardeep Kumar over 9 years ago
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Question Answer
What is the rationale for government intervention? To maximize economic efficiency and correct market failure by allocating scarce resources.
Why does the market not provide public goods? Because there is no way to generate a profit, and free riders cannot be excluded.
What is the consequence of income inequality? Some consumers are excluded from the market because they lack market power and are unable to afford certain goods.
What is the result of an absence of government intervention? It may lead to higher levels of crime, poverty and unemployment.
How do indirect taxes and subsidies correct market failure? Indirect taxes - as market price rises, supply decreases and equilibrium falls for demerit goods. Subsidies - as market price falls, supply will increase and the equilibrium will rise for merit goods.
What is government regulation? This is a type of legislation which is used to limit the consumption of goods. methods include a minimum age to buy certain goods and some goods being banned altogether.
What are the 3 forms of price control? 1. Maximum prices 2. Minimum prices 3. Buffer stock shemes
What goods does the state provide? Public goods and merit goods.
What is government failure and what are the 3 causes for this? This implies that the cost of government intervention outweighs the benefit. The 3 main causes are inadequate information, conflicting objectives and administrative costs.
How does inadequate information result in government failure? The government base their costs on the information they have. If they are not able to gather all relevant information, then they will make 'costly' decisions.
How do conflicting objectives lead to government failure? Every aim the government sets out to achieve has an opportunity cost e.g. excise taxes on tobacco have resulted in the growth of illegal markets.
How do administrative costs result in government failure? The costs of correcting market failure may outweigh the benefit e.g. when students drop out of higher education, economic resources devoted to their education go to waste.
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