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| Question | Answer |
| August 1940 | The U.S. broke Japanese codes and became aware of plans for Southeast Asia |
| What was the problem with Japan looking to spread their empire? | They could have been a threat to American controlled islands like the Philippines and Guam |
| July 1941 | Japan overran French-Indochina |
| How did the U.S. react to Japan taking French-Indochina? | The U.S. cut off oil shipments to Japan |
| How did Japan suffer when their oil supply was cut off by the U.S. in 1941? | Japan suffered oil shortages but continued planning surprise attacks on the United States |
| Isoruku Yamamote | Japan's greatest naval strategist and admiral |
| What did FDR say the day after Pearl Harbor? | He called Pearl Harbor "A date which will live in Infamy" |
| December 7, 1941 | Japan began attacks on Pearl Harbor in Hawaii early in the morning |
| When did the attacks on Pearl Harbor occur? | December 7, 1941 |
| How many ships were destroyed in the attacks on Pearl Harbor? | 18 ships were sunk or damaged in a two hour time frame |
| How many planes did Japan use during the attack? | Two waves of planes were sent out - one wave of 183 and a second of 168 |
| How many Americans were killed in the Pearl Harbor attacks? | 2403 people were killed |
| How many Americans were injured during the attack on Pearl Harbor? | 1000 people were injured throughout (most were naval officers) |
| What occurred the day after Pearl Harbor? | The United States declared war on Japan |
| Where did Japan invade and conquer? | -Guam and Wake Island were seized -the Philippine islands were attacked -Hong Kong was seized -Malaya was invaded |
| What was the most important ship sunk during the attack on Pearl Harbor? | The Arizona |
| Where did half of the deaths at Pearl Harbor occur? | The Arizona |
| Bataan Death March | A 60 mile and 5-12 day march made by prisoners of war after the 3 month Battle of Bataan |
| Doulittle's Raid | U.S. Planes took off from aircraft carriers to bomb Japan and land in China in order to show the Japanese army that they could be attacked |
| What were the effects of Doulittle's Rade? | -American morale was raised - the Japanese realized that they could be attacked |
| Battle of Coral Sea | A battle between American and Japanese troops that was fought entirely in the air and stopped Japanese expansion southward (ended in a draw) |
| When did the Battle of Coral Sea occur? | May 1942 |
| Battle of Midway | American planes defeated a Japanese fleet poised to attack an important American airfield on Midway (turning point of war in the Pacific) |
| When did the Battle of Midway occur? | June 1942 |
| Battle of Gaudacanal | Americans attacked the island of Gaudacanal where the Japanese were building an air base |
| When did the Battle of Gaudacanal take place? | August 7, 1942 Although it did go on for multiple months |
| Douglas MacArthur | A general commander of allied land forces in the Pacific |
| Island Hopping | A tactic used by Allied forces where ill-defended islands were attacked and conquered first |
| When was the island of Gaudacanal conquered? | Japanese soldiers abandoned Gaudacanal in February 1943 |
| Operation Torch | U.S. plans to land in Morocco and Algeria in order to crush Rommel and his troops (German) between the British troops and the American troops |
| Who led the Allied forces during the execution of Operation Torch? | General Dwight D. Eisenhower with Patton serving for the United States directly below him |
| Battle of Stalingrad | the battle that revolved around the invasion of Stalingrad in Germany |
| When did the Battle of Stalingrad officially begin? | August 23, 1942 |
| November 1942 (Stalingrad) | Germany controlled 90% of the city |
| What caused the downfall of the German troops at Stalingrad? | a harsh Russian winter set in and Germany was unprepared for the cold |
| November 19, 1942 (Stalingrad) | Russian troops had surrounded the city |
| February 2, 1943 (Stalingrad) | 90,000 frostbitten German soldiers surrendered at Stalingrad |
| What was the outcome of the Battle of Stalingrad? | it is thought to be the turning point of the war in Europe |
| Designated Day (aka D-Day) | British, American, French, and Canadian troops stormed a 60 mile stretch of beach along the coast of France, achieving the greatest amphibious attack in history |
| What was the code name for D-Day? | the invasion of Normandy was codenamed Operation Overlord |
| Why was the fighting difficult for some troops during D-Day? | -German soldiers were protected behind solid concrete walls -allied boats were getting stuck in sand bars so that soldiers had to swim to shore while being shot at |
| How many casualties did the Allied forces accumulate on D-Day? | -3,000 to 4,000 soldiers dead (4,416 to be exact) -10,000 casualties in all |
| When did the Allies march into Paris after D-Day? | August 25, 1944 |
| What lands had the Allies liberated in Europe by September 1944? | France, Belgium, Luxembourg, and much of the Netherlands |
| Battle of the Bulge | -a battle where Germany was forced to fight on two fronts -Germans were able to break through American forces, but were stopped and forced back |
| V-E Day (Victory in Europe) | May 7, 1945 General Eisenhower accepted unconditional surrender from the Third Reich |
| What led to Germany's surrender? | Adolf Hitler committed suicide alongside his wife Eva Braun on April 31, 1945 |
| Battle of Leyte Gulf | a battle where the Japanese lost almost their entire naval fleet |
| kamikaze | suicide pilots who sunk allied ships by crashing into them with bomb-filled planes *valued national honor more than individual life |
| When was the island Iwo Jima invaded by Allied forces? | March 1945 |
| Why was it important for Iwo Jima to be captured by the Allies? | -660 miles from Japan -two airfields were located on the island |
| Where were Japanese forces located when the Allies invaded Iwo Jima? | the Japanese fought in tunnels and caves that had been carved into the islands mountains and hid there until the opposing forces were far onto the island |
| Battle of Okinawa | from April 1 to June 22 Allies fought for air bases to be used when invading Japan |
| What was the reason for the high death tolls for the Japanese? | towards the end of the war many Japanese deaths were kamikaze pilots |
| Manhattan Project | a top-secret development of the atomic bombs |
| Hiroshima | on August 6, 1945 an atomic bomb named "Little Boy" was dropped on Hiroshima, Japan causing widespread destruction and a horrendous number of civilian deaths |
| What plane was carrying the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima? | Enola Gay |
| How many causalities were there due to the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima? | -70,000 people (mostly civilians) were vaporized immediately -140,000 were dead by the end of 1945 from injuries and/or radiation poisoning |
| Nagasaki | on August 9, 1945 an atomic bomb named "Fat Man" was dropped on Nagasaki, Japan *only three days after the first atomic bomb was dropped |
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