2395452
Description
Flashcards by stellasophie.k, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by stellasophie.k
over 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Name three kinds of neurons | Motor neurons, sensory neurons and interneurons |
| Why is the axon covered by a myelin sheath? | To protect the movement of the impulse from external influences and to speed up its transmission |
| What is a synapse? | A gap between adjacent neurons |
| How does an electric pulse travel over a synapse? | Vesicles release their neurotransmitter which locks into special receptor sites on the dendrites of the adjacent neuron |
| What is an action potential? | movement of an electrical impulse along the axon |
| Name three neurotransmitters | ACH, dopamine and serotonin |
| What is serotonin responsible for? | governs sleep, mood and aggression. low levels are linked to depression |
| What is dopamine responsible for? | affects arousal, pleasure and voluntary movement. high levels are linked to schizophrenia |
| What is the nervous system divided into? | Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System |
| What is the Central Nervous made up of and what does it do? | brain and spinal cord. Spinal cord receives and passes messages to and from the brain and connects to nerves in the peripheral nervous system |
| What does the Peripheral Nervous System do? | It consists of neurons that send information to and from the central nervous system |
| What is the peripheral nervous system divided into? | Somatic and autonomic nervous system |
| What does the somatic nervous system do? | It transmits information from the senses to the central nervous system and to the muscles |
| What does the autonomic nervous system do? | It links the central nervous system to internal organs and controls basic functions such as breathing and digestion. It cannot be controlled voluntarily. |
| What is the autonomic nervous system divided into? | Sympathetic and parasympathetic section |
| What is the localisation of function? | notion that different areas of the brain have different functions |
| What are the two hemispheres of the brain joined by? | corpus callosum (set of nerve fibres allowing information to travel from one hemisphere to the other) |
| What is the right hemisphere responsible for? (for right handed people) | left side of the body, non-linguistic processing (eg music and emotion) |
| What is the left hemisphere responsible for? (for right handed people) | right side of the body, analysis, logic, language function |
| How do you call the way that the two hemispheres have different functions? | Lateralisation of functions (also hemispheric specialisation) |
| Where in the brain is movement located? | In the motor cortex at the rear of the frontal lobe |
| Where in the brain is sensory processing (touch) located? | in the somatosensory cortex in the parietal, behind the motor cortex |
| Where in the brain is vision located? | In the visual cortex at the rear of the cortex |
| Where in the brain is auditory (sound) located? | in the left temporal lobe |
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