Unit 5 Chemistry flash cards: Transition metals

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A2 level Chemistry (Unit 5) Flashcards on Unit 5 Chemistry flash cards: Transition metals, created by J000D97 on 04/04/2015.
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Flashcards by J000D97, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by J000D97 over 9 years ago
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Question Answer
What are transition metals? Elements which form one or more stable ions with incomplete d orbitals.
4 properties of transition metals Hard with high melting points Shows more than one oxidation number Tend to form coloured compounds Shows catalytic activity
What is phytomining? Where TM's are extracted using plants from areas where they cannot be obtained economically by other methods.
What colour is \(Ti^{3+}\)? Violet
What colour is \(Co^{2+}\)? Pink
What colour is \(Fe^{3+}\)? Yellow-brown
What colour is \(Fe^{2+}\)? Pale blue-green
What colour is \(Ni^{2+}\)? Emerald green
What colour is \(Cu^{2+}\)? Blue
How are anionic complexes named differently to cationic complexes? Anionic complexes are named with their Latin name
\(CN^-\) ligand is named as... cyano...
What are the Latin names of: Cobalt Aluminium Chromium Vanadium Copper Iron Nickel Silver Gold Tin Lead Cobalate Aluminate Chromate Vanadate Cuprate Ferrate Nickelate Argenate Aurate Stannate Plumbate
What does EDTA stand for, how many LPs does it have and what is its charge? ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid 6 LP's \(4^-\)
What is the cancer drug cis platin and what shape is it? [Pt(\(NH_3)^2Cl_2\)] Square planar
What shape is tetrachlorochromate (III) Tetrahedral
What shape is tetracyanonickelate? Square planar
What shape is tetrachlorocobalate? Tetrahedral
What shape is tetrabromonickelate? Tetrahedral
Uses of copper Piping Electrical wiring
Uses of chromium Nichrome alloy Protective covering Road markings Tanning animal hides
What is a specific property of \([Cr(H_2O)_3(OH^-)_3]\)? Amphoteric
How do d orbitals split in octahedral compounds? 3 lower 2 higher
How do d orbitals split in tetrahedral compounds? 2 lower 3 higher
Explain how TM compounds are coloured? Absorption of a photon of light causes electrons to jump form orbitals with lower energy to orbitals with higher energy. So a specific frequency is absorbed and the rest is transmitted which is the wavelength of the light left that we see.
How do d orbitals split? When ligands approach the metal cation they cause repulsion which increases the energy of all the d orbitals, some more than others depending on how close the orbitals are from the ligands.
Why does replacing bidentate ligands with EDTA create a more stable complex? Because there are more product molecules than reactant molecules therefore the entropy increases and total entropy is more likely to be positive making the fwds reaction spontaneous.
Which ion disproportionates in solution? \(Cu^+\)
What colours are: \(Cr^{2+}\) \(Cr^{3+}\) \(CrO_4^-\) \(Cr_2O_7^{2-}\) Pale blue Violet / green when impure Bright yellow Orange
What happens to \(Cr^{2+}\) in air? It is oxidised to \(Cr^{3+}\)
How do you make chromium ethanoate? Run HCl into a flask w/ Zn and Na dichromate which produces hydrogen reducing the dichromate to \(Cr^{2+}\) turning the solution blue Close the tap at this point \(Cr^{2+}\) is forced up the tube into another tube of Na ethanoate which react to form chromium (II) ethanoate.
Cat for forming polyethene \(TiCl_3\)
Cat in Harber process Fe
Cat for contact process \(V_2O_5\)
Cat for making margarine Ni
6 uses of TM's Cats mimicking living systems Cancer treatments Photochromic glasses Construction Jewellery Paint pigments and coloured glass
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