Chemistry

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Flashcards on Chemistry, created by olidun2015 on 14/04/2015.
olidun2015
Flashcards by olidun2015, updated more than 1 year ago
olidun2015
Created by olidun2015 over 9 years ago
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Question Answer
What is the general formula for alkanes? CnH2n+2 (little 2's)
How can alkanes be described? Saturated
What is a covalent bond? A pair of shared electrons
What is the formula for an alkene? C2H4 (little 2 and 4)
How can alkenes be described? Unsaturated
What happens to bromine when it is mixed with an alkene? Bromine water changes from orange-brown to colourless when mixed with an alkene
In the reaction, ethene -> poly(ethene): Ethene is the monomer
Why does paint contain a pigment? To give the paint its colour
Colloids: The particles of one substance are mixed and dispersed with particles of another substance without dissolving
What is the key feature of thermochromic paints? They change colour at different temperatures
Which process removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere? Photosynthesis
Which of these process releases carbon monoxide into the atmosphere? Incomplete combustion
What is combustion? Rapid chemical combination of a substance with oxygen, involving the production of heat and light
One of the key reactions in a catalytic converter is: carbon monoxide + nitrogen oxide → nitrogen + carbon dioxide
What caused the proportion of oxygen in the atmosphere to increase? Photosynthesis
Which of the following is a reason for the decrease in water vapour in the Earth's atmosphere? Water vapour condensed to form the oceans
Why is crude oil called a fossil fuel? Because it is formed from the remains of ancient sea creatures
What happens to a liquid during its separation from a mixture by distillation? A liquid during its separation from a mixture by distillation evaporates then condenses
The top of an oil fractionating column is: The top of an oil fractionating column is colder than the bottom of the column
Compared to large hydrocarbons, small hydrocarbons are: More volatile
Which process allows large hydrocarbons to be broken down into smaller hydrocarbons? Cracking
How is a positively charged ion formed from an atom? Positive ions are formed from neutral atoms when one or more electrons is lost. If electrons are gained, the ion will be negative.
What will be the charge on an aluminium ion? For metal elements in Groups 1, 2 and 3 of the periodic table, the ionic charge is equal to their group number, so the aluminium ion will have a charge of 3+. Elements in Group 2 will have an ionic charge of 2+.
What will be the charge on a sulfide ion, formed from a sulfur atom? Sulfur is in group 6 of the periodic table. This means it has six electrons in its outer shell, so it will gain two to become stable, meaning a charge of 2-. Some elements in Group 3 form ions with a charge of 3-.
What will be the formula of an ionic compound formed from calcium and oxygen? CaO
When a negative ion is formed because an atom has gained an electron, what term can be used to describe this process? Reduction - gain of electrons
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