2526588
Description
Flashcards by Cheyanne Stokes, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Cheyanne Stokes
over 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Allele | Alternative versions of a gene that produce distinguishable phenotypic effects. |
| Atherosclerosis | Changes in the walls of large arteries consisting of lipid deposits on the artery walls. |
| Cholesterol | A lipid that forms an essential component of animal cell membranes and acts as a precursor molecule for the synthesis of other biologically important steroids. |
| Electrophoresis | The movement of suspended particles through a fluid or gel under the action of an electromotive force applied to electrodes in contact with the suspension. |
| Familial Hypercholesterolemia | A metabolic disorder that is caused by defective or absent receptors for LDLs on cell surfaces, that is marked by an increase in blood plasma LDLs and by an accumulation of LDLs in the body resulting in an increased risk of heart attack and coronary heart disease, and that is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. |
| Genotype | All or part of the genetic constitution of an individual or group. |
| HDL (High Density Lipoprotein) | A cholesterol-carrying particle in the blood, made up of cholesterol and other lipids surrounded by a single layer of phospholipids in which proteins are embedded. An HDL particle carries less cholesterol than a related lipoprotein, LDL, and may be correlated with a decreased risk of blood vessel blockage. |
| Heterozygous | Having two different alleles for a given gene. |
| Homozygous | Having two identical alleles for a given gene. |
| LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein) | A cholesterol-carrying particle in the blood, made up of cholesterol and other lipids surrounded by a single layer of phospholipids in which proteins are embedded. An LDL particle carries more cholesterol than a related lipoprotein, HDL, and high LDL levels in the blood correlate with a tendency to develop blocked blood vessels and heart disease. |
| Mutation | A rare change in the DNA of a gene, ultimately creating genetic diversity. |
| PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) | A laboratory technique for amplifying DNA in vitro by incubating with special primers, DNA polymerase molecules, and nucleotides. |
| Phenotype | The physical and physiological traits of an organism that are determined by its genetic makeup. |
| Restriction Enzyme | A degradative enzyme that recognizes specific nucleotide sequences and cuts up DNA. |
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