2552901
Description
Flashcards by Charlotte Hewson, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Charlotte Hewson
over 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| what is an IV? | something directly manipulated by the experiment |
| what is the DV? | the variable measured at the end |
| what is the relationship between the IV and the DV? | the DV depends on the IV |
| what is a lab experiment? | an experiment done in a lab, a special environment where variables can be investigated under controlled conditions |
| what is the aim of a study? | a statement of what the researcher intends to investigate |
| what is a hypothesis? | a precise and testable statement about the expected relationship between variables |
| what is an extraneous variable? | any variable other than the IV which may affect the DV and so confound the findings, affecting validity |
| what is operationalisation? | defining a variable in a way that can be easily measured or tested |
| what is a directional hypothesis? | states the direction of the difference between two conditions/groups |
| what is a non-directional hypothesis? | states there is a difference without identifying the direction |
| what is a strength of a lab experiment? | researchers can minimise extraneous variables |
| what does this mean can be done? | we can be more certain that is the IV causing the DV not another variable |
| what are 2 limitations? | -setting is contrived (lacks mundane realism) - experimenter effects may influence results |
| what does it mean that the setting is contrived? | participants may behave differently than they do in everyday life |
| what does this mean for the results? | they cant be generalised to everyday life |
| what is an example of experimenter effects? | if they expect boys to do better than girls, they may subtly encourage boy to do better |
| what does this mean about the final results? | boys do better because of the encouragement, not because they are actually superior |
| what is a second strength of a lab experiment? | the level of control makes it easy to replicate |
| what does this mean? | you can demonstrate the validity of results if they occur again when study is redone |
| what are demand characteristics? | a cue that makes participant aware of the aim and affect their behaviour |
| what do demand characteristics act as? | an extraneous variable which may affect the validity |
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