2561659
| Question | Answer |
| Define Data | Raw facts and figures, no context |
| Define Info | Processed data (put into context) |
| Define Knowledge | What you get when you apply a rule to info |
| Define Encoding | The use of code in databases to reduce storage space |
| Advantages of Encoding? | - Staff time saved inputting data - More storage available |
| Disadvantages | - Value Judgements = Less Accurate |
| Explain Value Judgement | People need to make judgements of what code category something belongs to. Difference of opinion. |
| Topic 1 Define Processing | The use of calculations or ordering data into a more meaningful order |
| Topic 3 Give examples of formats of info | - NON ICT sources e.g. newspaper - Intranet - Internet - CD Rom |
| Topic 3 How do you improve quality of data? (7) | - Correctly Targeted - Understandable - Quality of info - Up to date - Complete - Relevant - Accuracy |
| Topic 2 Benefits of good quality info? | - Aids decision making - Easy to monitor progress - Target resources to gain a competitive advantage |
| Topic 2 Limitations of good quality info? | Processing - Staff need training on databases - Batch processing lots of data takes time - Data analysis software is expensive Data Entry - Cost of training to operate equipment - Expensive hardware e.g. barcode scanners - Time to enter data manually via keyboards Maintenance - Technicians required - Expense of replacing hardware - Back ups take time Data Collection - Staff need training - Time needed to travel - Cost of consumables for paper forms |
| Topic 4 What is validation? | A check to ensure data is correct, sensible and within reasonable boundaries |
| Topic 4 What is verification? | Checking that data has been copied correctly from one medium to another |
| Topic 4 Examples of Validation? | - Range - Presence - Fixed value - Check digit - Data type |
| Topic 4 Examples of Verification | - Proofreading - Sending back printouts - Dual Entry |
| Topic 4 Data errors occur in which 4 stages of a computer system? | - Input - Transcription - Processing - Transmission |
| Topic 4 What errors occur in the input stage of a computer? | - Incorrect reading of hardware e.g. barcode reader - Transposition errors by manually entering data and keying in details in the wrong order e.g. Kirsty not Kristy |
| Topic 4 What errors occur in the transcription stage of a computer? | - Difficult place names spelt wrong if given via phone - Transcription errors by copying data from one medium to another |
| Topic 4 What errors occur in the processing stage of a computer? | - Hardware breaks down while data is being processed, errors occur - Incorrect programming e.g. wrong spreadsheet formulas lead to incorrect processing |
| Topic 4 What errors occur in the transmission stage of a computer? | - Data can become corrupt when transferred via communication lines or internet - Parity checks are normally used to ensure receiving computers have the correct data |
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